diff --git a/mercurial/changegroup.py b/mercurial/changegroup.py
--- a/mercurial/changegroup.py
+++ b/mercurial/changegroup.py
@@ -1687,11 +1687,15 @@
         #
         # (or even to push subset of history)
         needv03 = True
-    has_revlogv2 = requirements.REVLOGV2_REQUIREMENT in repo.requirements
-    if not has_revlogv2:
-        versions.discard(b'04')
     if not needv03:
         versions.discard(b'03')
+    want_v4 = (
+        repo.ui.configbool(b'experimental', b'changegroup4')
+        or repo.ui.configbool(b'format', b'exp-use-side-data')
+        or requirements.REVLOGV2_REQUIREMENT in repo.requirements
+    )
+    if not want_v4:
+        versions.discard(b'04')
     return versions
 
 
diff --git a/mercurial/configitems.py b/mercurial/configitems.py
--- a/mercurial/configitems.py
+++ b/mercurial/configitems.py
@@ -904,6 +904,11 @@
 )
 coreconfigitem(
     b'experimental',
+    b'changegroup4',
+    default=False,
+)
+coreconfigitem(
+    b'experimental',
     b'cleanup-as-archived',
     default=False,
 )