diff --git a/mercurial/dirstate.py b/mercurial/dirstate.py
--- a/mercurial/dirstate.py
+++ b/mercurial/dirstate.py
@@ -1359,6 +1359,7 @@
         mexact = match.exact
         dirignore = self._dirignore
         checkexec = self._checkexec
+        checklink = self._checklink
         copymap = self._map.copymap
         lastnormaltime = self._lastnormaltime
 
@@ -1391,7 +1392,17 @@
             elif t.removed:
                 radd(fn)
             elif t.tracked:
-                if (
+                if not checklink and t.has_fallback_symlink:
+                    # If the file system does not support symlink, the mode
+                    # might not be correctly stored in the dirstate, so do not
+                    # trust it.
+                    ladd(fn)
+                elif not checkexec and t.has_fallback_exec:
+                    # If the file system does not support exec bits, the mode
+                    # might not be correctly stored in the dirstate, so do not
+                    # trust it.
+                    ladd(fn)
+                elif (
                     size >= 0
                     and (
                         (size != st.st_size and size != st.st_size & _rangemask)
diff --git a/mercurial/helptext/internals/dirstate-v2.txt b/mercurial/helptext/internals/dirstate-v2.txt
--- a/mercurial/helptext/internals/dirstate-v2.txt
+++ b/mercurial/helptext/internals/dirstate-v2.txt
@@ -523,12 +523,18 @@
     this indicates whether the file’s own is expected
     to have execute permission.
 
+    Beware that on system without fs support for this information, the value
+    stored in the dirstate might be wrong and should not be relied on.
+
 `MODE_IS_SYMLINK`
     Must be unset if `HAS_MODE_AND_SIZE` is unset.
     If `HAS_MODE_AND_SIZE` is set,
     this indicates whether the file is expected to be a symlink
     as opposed to a normal file.
 
+    Beware that on system without fs support for this information, the value
+    stored in the dirstate might be wrong and should not be relied on.
+
 `EXPECTED_STATE_IS_MODIFIED`
     Must be unset for untracked nodes.
     For: