diff --git a/hgext/absorb.py b/hgext/absorb.py
--- a/hgext/absorb.py
+++ b/hgext/absorb.py
@@ -733,7 +733,7 @@
 
     def apply(self):
         """apply fixups to individual filefixupstates"""
-        for path, state in pycompat.iteritems(self.fixupmap):
+        for path, state in self.fixupmap.items():
             if self.ui.debugflag:
                 self.ui.write(_(b'applying fixups to %s\n') % path)
             state.apply()
@@ -741,10 +741,7 @@
     @property
     def chunkstats(self):
         """-> {path: chunkstats}. collect chunkstats from filefixupstates"""
-        return {
-            path: state.chunkstats
-            for path, state in pycompat.iteritems(self.fixupmap)
-        }
+        return {path: state.chunkstats for path, state in self.fixupmap.items()}
 
     def commit(self):
         """commit changes. update self.finalnode, self.replacemap"""
@@ -762,7 +759,7 @@
         chunkstats = self.chunkstats
         if ui.verbose:
             # chunkstats for each file
-            for path, stat in pycompat.iteritems(chunkstats):
+            for path, stat in chunkstats.items():
                 if stat[0]:
                     ui.write(
                         _(b'%s: %d of %d chunk(s) applied\n')
@@ -845,7 +842,7 @@
         repo = self.repo
         needupdate = [
             (name, self.replacemap[hsh])
-            for name, hsh in pycompat.iteritems(repo._bookmarks)
+            for name, hsh in repo._bookmarks.items()
             if hsh in self.replacemap
         ]
         changes = []
@@ -908,7 +905,7 @@
         # ctx changes more files (not a subset of memworkingcopy)
         if not set(ctx.files()).issubset(set(memworkingcopy)):
             return False
-        for path, content in pycompat.iteritems(memworkingcopy):
+        for path, content in memworkingcopy.items():
             if path not in pctx or path not in ctx:
                 return False
             fctx = ctx[path]
@@ -951,7 +948,7 @@
     def _cleanupoldcommits(self):
         replacements = {
             k: ([v] if v is not None else [])
-            for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(self.replacemap)
+            for k, v in self.replacemap.items()
         }
         if replacements:
             scmutil.cleanupnodes(
@@ -1001,7 +998,7 @@
         if not path or not info:
             continue
         patchmap[path].append(info)
-    for path, patches in pycompat.iteritems(patchmap):
+    for path, patches in patchmap.items():
         if path not in ctx or not patches:
             continue
         patches.sort(reverse=True)
diff --git a/hgext/convert/bzr.py b/hgext/convert/bzr.py
--- a/hgext/convert/bzr.py
+++ b/hgext/convert/bzr.py
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
 from mercurial import (
     demandimport,
     error,
-    pycompat,
     util,
 )
 from . import common
@@ -209,7 +208,7 @@
             if not branch.supports_tags():
                 return {}
             tagdict = branch.tags.get_tag_dict()
-            for name, rev in pycompat.iteritems(tagdict):
+            for name, rev in tagdict.items():
                 bytetags[self.recode(name)] = rev
         return bytetags
 
diff --git a/hgext/convert/common.py b/hgext/convert/common.py
--- a/hgext/convert/common.py
+++ b/hgext/convert/common.py
@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@
     def _cmdline(self, cmd, *args, **kwargs):
         kwargs = pycompat.byteskwargs(kwargs)
         cmdline = [self.command, cmd] + list(args)
-        for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(kwargs):
+        for k, v in kwargs.items():
             if len(k) == 1:
                 cmdline.append(b'-' + k)
             else:
diff --git a/hgext/convert/convcmd.py b/hgext/convert/convcmd.py
--- a/hgext/convert/convcmd.py
+++ b/hgext/convert/convcmd.py
@@ -584,9 +584,7 @@
                         # write another hash correspondence to override the
                         # previous one so we don't end up with extra tag heads
                         tagsparents = [
-                            e
-                            for e in pycompat.iteritems(self.map)
-                            if e[1] == tagsparent
+                            e for e in self.map.items() if e[1] == tagsparent
                         ]
                         if tagsparents:
                             self.map[tagsparents[0][0]] = nrev
diff --git a/hgext/convert/cvsps.py b/hgext/convert/cvsps.py
--- a/hgext/convert/cvsps.py
+++ b/hgext/convert/cvsps.py
@@ -466,7 +466,7 @@
 
             # find the branches starting from this revision
             branchpoints = set()
-            for branch, revision in pycompat.iteritems(branchmap):
+            for branch, revision in branchmap.items():
                 revparts = tuple([int(i) for i in revision.split(b'.')])
                 if len(revparts) < 2:  # bad tags
                     continue
diff --git a/hgext/convert/filemap.py b/hgext/convert/filemap.py
--- a/hgext/convert/filemap.py
+++ b/hgext/convert/filemap.py
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@
         repo belong to the source repo and what parts don't."""
         if self.targetprefixes is None:
             self.targetprefixes = set()
-            for before, after in pycompat.iteritems(self.rename):
+            for before, after in self.rename.items():
                 self.targetprefixes.add(after)
 
         # If "." is a target, then all target files are considered from the
diff --git a/hgext/convert/hg.py b/hgext/convert/hg.py
--- a/hgext/convert/hg.py
+++ b/hgext/convert/hg.py
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@
 
         if missings:
             self.after()
-            for pbranch, heads in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(missings)):
+            for pbranch, heads in sorted(missings.items()):
                 pbranchpath = os.path.join(self.path, pbranch)
                 prepo = hg.peer(self.ui, {}, pbranchpath)
                 self.ui.note(
@@ -595,7 +595,7 @@
         maappend = ma.append
         rappend = r.append
         d = ctx1.manifest().diff(ctx2.manifest())
-        for f, ((node1, flag1), (node2, flag2)) in pycompat.iteritems(d):
+        for f, ((node1, flag1), (node2, flag2)) in d.items():
             if node2 is None:
                 rappend(f)
             else:
@@ -621,7 +621,7 @@
         cleanp2 = set()
         if len(parents) == 2:
             d = parents[1].manifest().diff(ctx.manifest(), clean=True)
-            for f, value in pycompat.iteritems(d):
+            for f, value in d.items():
                 if value is None:
                     cleanp2.add(f)
         changes = [(f, rev) for f in files if f not in self.ignored]
diff --git a/hgext/convert/monotone.py b/hgext/convert/monotone.py
--- a/hgext/convert/monotone.py
+++ b/hgext/convert/monotone.py
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@
         # Prepare the command in automate stdio format
         kwargs = pycompat.byteskwargs(kwargs)
         command = []
-        for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(kwargs):
+        for k, v in kwargs.items():
             command.append(b"%d:%s" % (len(k), k))
             if v:
                 command.append(b"%d:%s" % (len(v), v))
diff --git a/hgext/convert/subversion.py b/hgext/convert/subversion.py
--- a/hgext/convert/subversion.py
+++ b/hgext/convert/subversion.py
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@
     def receiver(orig_paths, revnum, author, date, message, pool):
         paths = {}
         if orig_paths is not None:
-            for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(orig_paths):
+            for k, v in orig_paths.items():
                 paths[k] = changedpath(v)
         pickle.dump((paths, revnum, author, date, message), fp, protocol)
 
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@
         def receiver(orig_paths, revnum, author, date, message, pool):
             paths = {}
             if orig_paths is not None:
-                for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(orig_paths):
+                for k, v in orig_paths.items():
                     paths[k] = changedpath(v)
             self.append((paths, revnum, author, date, message))
 
@@ -729,7 +729,7 @@
             )
             files = [
                 n
-                for n, e in pycompat.iteritems(entries)
+                for n, e in entries.items()
                 if e.kind == svn.core.svn_node_file
             ]
             self.removed = set()
@@ -819,7 +819,7 @@
                     origpaths = []
                 copies = [
                     (e.copyfrom_path, e.copyfrom_rev, p)
-                    for p, e in pycompat.iteritems(origpaths)
+                    for p, e in origpaths.items()
                     if e.copyfrom_path
                 ]
                 # Apply moves/copies from more specific to general
@@ -850,7 +850,7 @@
                 # be represented in mercurial.
                 addeds = {
                     p: e.copyfrom_path
-                    for p, e in pycompat.iteritems(origpaths)
+                    for p, e in origpaths.items()
                     if e.action == b'A' and e.copyfrom_path
                 }
                 badroots = set()
@@ -1139,7 +1139,7 @@
             parents = []
             # check whether this revision is the start of a branch or part
             # of a branch renaming
-            orig_paths = sorted(pycompat.iteritems(orig_paths))
+            orig_paths = sorted(orig_paths.items())
             root_paths = [
                 (p, e) for p, e in orig_paths if self.module.startswith(p)
             ]
@@ -1301,7 +1301,7 @@
             path += b'/'
         return (
             (path + p)
-            for p, e in pycompat.iteritems(entries)
+            for p, e in entries.items()
             if e.kind == svn.core.svn_node_file
         )
 
diff --git a/hgext/eol.py b/hgext/eol.py
--- a/hgext/eol.py
+++ b/hgext/eol.py
@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@
 
     if not repo.local():
         return
-    for name, fn in pycompat.iteritems(filters):
+    for name, fn in filters.items():
         repo.adddatafilter(name, fn)
 
     ui.setconfig(b'patch', b'eol', b'auto', b'eol')
diff --git a/hgext/fastannotate/context.py b/hgext/fastannotate/context.py
--- a/hgext/fastannotate/context.py
+++ b/hgext/fastannotate/context.py
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@
 
     def __init__(self, **opts):
         opts = pycompat.byteskwargs(opts)
-        for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(self.defaults):
+        for k, v in self.defaults.items():
             setattr(self, k, opts.get(k, v))
 
     @util.propertycache
@@ -583,7 +583,7 @@
             # find an unresolved line and its linelog rev to annotate
             hsh = None
             try:
-                for (rev, _linenum), idxs in pycompat.iteritems(key2idxs):
+                for (rev, _linenum), idxs in key2idxs.items():
                     if revmap.rev2flag(rev) & revmapmod.sidebranchflag:
                         continue
                     hsh = annotateresult[idxs[0]][0]
@@ -594,7 +594,7 @@
                 # the remaining key2idxs are not in main branch, resolving them
                 # using the hard way...
                 revlines = {}
-                for (rev, linenum), idxs in pycompat.iteritems(key2idxs):
+                for (rev, linenum), idxs in key2idxs.items():
                     if rev not in revlines:
                         hsh = annotateresult[idxs[0]][0]
                         if self.ui.debugflag:
diff --git a/hgext/fastannotate/protocol.py b/hgext/fastannotate/protocol.py
--- a/hgext/fastannotate/protocol.py
+++ b/hgext/fastannotate/protocol.py
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
     error,
     extensions,
     hg,
-    pycompat,
     util,
     wireprotov1peer,
     wireprotov1server,
@@ -189,7 +188,7 @@
         for result in results:
             r = result.result()
             # TODO: pconvert these paths on the server?
-            r = {util.pconvert(p): v for p, v in pycompat.iteritems(r)}
+            r = {util.pconvert(p): v for p, v in r.items()}
             for path in sorted(r):
                 # ignore malicious paths
                 if not path.startswith(b'fastannotate/') or b'/../' in (
diff --git a/hgext/fix.py b/hgext/fix.py
--- a/hgext/fix.py
+++ b/hgext/fix.py
@@ -377,9 +377,7 @@
     Useful as a hook point for extending "hg fix" with output summarizing the
     effects of the command, though we choose not to output anything here.
     """
-    replacements = {
-        prec: [succ] for prec, succ in pycompat.iteritems(replacements)
-    }
+    replacements = {prec: [succ] for prec, succ in replacements.items()}
     scmutil.cleanupnodes(repo, replacements, b'fix', fixphase=True)
 
 
@@ -692,7 +690,7 @@
     """
     metadata = {}
     newdata = fixctx[path].data()
-    for fixername, fixer in pycompat.iteritems(fixers):
+    for fixername, fixer in fixers.items():
         if fixer.affects(opts, fixctx, path):
             ranges = lineranges(
                 opts, path, basepaths, basectxs, fixctx, newdata
@@ -770,7 +768,7 @@
 
     Directly updates the dirstate for the affected files.
     """
-    for path, data in pycompat.iteritems(filedata):
+    for path, data in filedata.items():
         fctx = ctx[path]
         fctx.write(data, fctx.flags())
 
diff --git a/hgext/fsmonitor/__init__.py b/hgext/fsmonitor/__init__.py
--- a/hgext/fsmonitor/__init__.py
+++ b/hgext/fsmonitor/__init__.py
@@ -501,15 +501,11 @@
             visit.update(f for f in copymap if f not in results and matchfn(f))
     else:
         if matchalways:
-            visit.update(
-                f for f, st in pycompat.iteritems(dmap) if f not in results
-            )
+            visit.update(f for f, st in dmap.items() if f not in results)
             visit.update(f for f in copymap if f not in results)
         else:
             visit.update(
-                f
-                for f, st in pycompat.iteritems(dmap)
-                if f not in results and matchfn(f)
+                f for f, st in dmap.items() if f not in results and matchfn(f)
             )
             visit.update(f for f in copymap if f not in results and matchfn(f))
 
diff --git a/hgext/githelp.py b/hgext/githelp.py
--- a/hgext/githelp.py
+++ b/hgext/githelp.py
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@
     opts = dict(
         [
             (k, convert(v)) if isinstance(v, bytes) else (k, v)
-            for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(opts)
+            for k, v in opts.items()
         ]
     )
 
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@
     def __bytes__(self):
         cmd = b"hg " + self.name
         if self.opts:
-            for k, values in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(self.opts)):
+            for k, values in sorted(self.opts.items()):
                 for v in values:
                     if v:
                         if isinstance(v, int):
diff --git a/hgext/hgk.py b/hgext/hgk.py
--- a/hgext/hgk.py
+++ b/hgext/hgk.py
@@ -376,9 +376,7 @@
     """start interactive history viewer"""
     opts = pycompat.byteskwargs(opts)
     os.chdir(repo.root)
-    optstr = b' '.join(
-        [b'--%s %s' % (k, v) for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(opts) if v]
-    )
+    optstr = b' '.join([b'--%s %s' % (k, v) for k, v in opts.items() if v])
     if repo.filtername is None:
         optstr += b'--hidden'
 
diff --git a/hgext/histedit.py b/hgext/histedit.py
--- a/hgext/histedit.py
+++ b/hgext/histedit.py
@@ -2101,7 +2101,7 @@
 
     mapping, tmpnodes, created, ntm = processreplacement(state)
     if mapping:
-        for prec, succs in pycompat.iteritems(mapping):
+        for prec, succs in mapping.items():
             if not succs:
                 ui.debug(b'histedit: %s is dropped\n' % short(prec))
             else:
@@ -2139,7 +2139,7 @@
     nodechanges = fd(
         {
             hf(oldn): fl([hf(n) for n in newn], name=b'node')
-            for oldn, newn in pycompat.iteritems(mapping)
+            for oldn, newn in mapping.items()
         },
         key=b"oldnode",
         value=b"newnodes",
@@ -2387,7 +2387,7 @@
                     tsum = summary[len(fword) + 1 :].lstrip()
                     # safe but slow: reverse iterate over the actions so we
                     # don't clash on two commits having the same summary
-                    for na, l in reversed(list(pycompat.iteritems(newact))):
+                    for na, l in reversed(list(newact.items())):
                         actx = repo[na.node]
                         asum = _getsummary(actx)
                         if asum == tsum:
@@ -2400,7 +2400,7 @@
 
         # copy over and flatten the new list
         actions = []
-        for na, l in pycompat.iteritems(newact):
+        for na, l in newact.items():
             actions.append(na)
             actions += l
 
diff --git a/hgext/infinitepush/__init__.py b/hgext/infinitepush/__init__.py
--- a/hgext/infinitepush/__init__.py
+++ b/hgext/infinitepush/__init__.py
@@ -419,7 +419,7 @@
             if pattern.endswith(b'*'):
                 pattern = b're:^' + pattern[:-1] + b'.*'
             kind, pat, matcher = stringutil.stringmatcher(pattern)
-            for bookmark, node in pycompat.iteritems(bookmarks):
+            for bookmark, node in bookmarks.items():
                 if matcher(bookmark):
                     results[bookmark] = node
         return results
@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@
                     if part.type == b'changegroup':
                         haschangegroup = True
                     newpart = bundle2.bundlepart(part.type, data=part.read())
-                    for key, value in pycompat.iteritems(part.params):
+                    for key, value in part.params.items():
                         newpart.addparam(key, value)
                     parts.append(newpart)
 
@@ -794,7 +794,7 @@
             # saveremotenames expects 20 byte binary nodes for branches
             branches[rname].append(bin(hexnode))
 
-    for bookmark, hexnode in pycompat.iteritems(newbookmarks):
+    for bookmark, hexnode in newbookmarks.items():
         bookmarks[bookmark] = hexnode
     remotenamesext.saveremotenames(repo, remotepath, branches, bookmarks)
 
@@ -804,7 +804,7 @@
         return
     with repo.wlock(), repo.lock(), repo.transaction(b'bookmark') as tr:
         changes = []
-        for scratchbook, node in pycompat.iteritems(bookmarks):
+        for scratchbook, node in bookmarks.items():
             changectx = repo[node]
             changes.append((scratchbook, changectx.node()))
         repo._bookmarks.applychanges(repo, tr, changes)
@@ -1045,7 +1045,7 @@
                 bundle2._processpart(op, part)
             else:
                 bundlepart = bundle2.bundlepart(part.type, data=part.read())
-                for key, value in pycompat.iteritems(part.params):
+                for key, value in part.params.items():
                     bundlepart.addparam(key, value)
 
                 # Certain parts require a response
@@ -1137,7 +1137,7 @@
                     # differs from previous behavior, we need to put it behind a
                     # config flag for incremental rollout.
                     bundlepart = bundle2.bundlepart(part.type, data=part.read())
-                    for key, value in pycompat.iteritems(part.params):
+                    for key, value in part.params.items():
                         bundlepart.addparam(key, value)
 
                     # Certain parts require a response
@@ -1323,9 +1323,7 @@
                 b'new': newnode,
                 b'old': oldnode,
             }
-            op.reply.newpart(
-                b'pushkey', mandatoryparams=pycompat.iteritems(params)
-            )
+            op.reply.newpart(b'pushkey', mandatoryparams=params.items())
 
 
 def bundle2pushkey(orig, op, part):
diff --git a/hgext/infinitepush/bundleparts.py b/hgext/infinitepush/bundleparts.py
--- a/hgext/infinitepush/bundleparts.py
+++ b/hgext/infinitepush/bundleparts.py
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
     changegroup,
     error,
     extensions,
-    pycompat,
     revsetlang,
     util,
 )
@@ -67,7 +66,7 @@
     parts.append(
         bundle2.bundlepart(
             scratchbranchparttype.upper(),
-            advisoryparams=pycompat.iteritems(params),
+            advisoryparams=params.items(),
             data=cg,
         )
     )
diff --git a/hgext/infinitepush/sqlindexapi.py b/hgext/infinitepush/sqlindexapi.py
--- a/hgext/infinitepush/sqlindexapi.py
+++ b/hgext/infinitepush/sqlindexapi.py
@@ -13,8 +13,6 @@
 import warnings
 import mysql.connector
 
-from mercurial import pycompat
-
 from . import indexapi
 
 
@@ -179,7 +177,7 @@
             self.sqlconnect()
         args = []
         values = []
-        for bookmark, node in pycompat.iteritems(bookmarks):
+        for bookmark, node in bookmarks.items():
             args.append(b'(%s, %s, %s)')
             values.extend((bookmark, node, self.reponame))
         args = b','.join(args)
diff --git a/hgext/journal.py b/hgext/journal.py
--- a/hgext/journal.py
+++ b/hgext/journal.py
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@
     repo = store._repo
     if util.safehasattr(repo, 'journal'):
         oldmarks = bookmarks.bmstore(repo)
-        for mark, value in pycompat.iteritems(store):
+        for mark, value in store.items():
             oldvalue = oldmarks.get(mark, repo.nullid)
             if value != oldvalue:
                 repo.journal.record(bookmarktype, mark, oldvalue, value)
diff --git a/hgext/keyword.py b/hgext/keyword.py
--- a/hgext/keyword.py
+++ b/hgext/keyword.py
@@ -513,7 +513,7 @@
         kwmaps = _defaultkwmaps(ui)
         if uikwmaps:
             ui.status(_(b'\tdisabling current template maps\n'))
-            for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(kwmaps):
+            for k, v in kwmaps.items():
                 ui.setconfig(b'keywordmaps', k, v, b'keyword')
     else:
         ui.status(_(b'\n\tconfiguration using current keyword template maps\n'))
@@ -527,7 +527,7 @@
     ui.writenoi18n(b'[extensions]\nkeyword =\n')
     demoitems(b'keyword', ui.configitems(b'keyword'))
     demoitems(b'keywordset', ui.configitems(b'keywordset'))
-    demoitems(b'keywordmaps', pycompat.iteritems(kwmaps))
+    demoitems(b'keywordmaps', kwmaps.items())
     keywords = b'$' + b'$\n$'.join(sorted(kwmaps.keys())) + b'$\n'
     repo.wvfs.write(fn, keywords)
     repo[None].add([fn])
diff --git a/hgext/largefiles/overrides.py b/hgext/largefiles/overrides.py
--- a/hgext/largefiles/overrides.py
+++ b/hgext/largefiles/overrides.py
@@ -713,7 +713,7 @@
     copies = orig(ctx1, ctx2, match=match)
     updated = {}
 
-    for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(copies):
+    for k, v in copies.items():
         updated[lfutil.splitstandin(k) or k] = lfutil.splitstandin(v) or v
 
     return updated
diff --git a/hgext/lfs/pointer.py b/hgext/lfs/pointer.py
--- a/hgext/lfs/pointer.py
+++ b/hgext/lfs/pointer.py
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
     def validate(self):
         """raise InvalidPointer on error. return self if there is no error"""
         requiredcount = 0
-        for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(self):
+        for k, v in self.items():
             if k in self._requiredre:
                 if not self._requiredre[k].match(v):
                     raise InvalidPointer(
diff --git a/hgext/lfs/wrapper.py b/hgext/lfs/wrapper.py
--- a/hgext/lfs/wrapper.py
+++ b/hgext/lfs/wrapper.py
@@ -24,7 +24,6 @@
     exchange,
     exthelper,
     localrepo,
-    pycompat,
     revlog,
     scmutil,
     util,
@@ -142,7 +141,7 @@
 
     # translate hg filelog metadata to lfs metadata with "x-hg-" prefix
     if hgmeta is not None:
-        for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(hgmeta):
+        for k, v in hgmeta.items():
             metadata[b'x-hg-%s' % k] = v
 
     rawtext = metadata.serialize()
diff --git a/hgext/mq.py b/hgext/mq.py
--- a/hgext/mq.py
+++ b/hgext/mq.py
@@ -2024,7 +2024,7 @@
                             # we can't copy a file created by the patch itself
                             if dst in copies:
                                 del copies[dst]
-                        for src, dsts in pycompat.iteritems(copies):
+                        for src, dsts in copies.items():
                             for dst in dsts:
                                 repo.dirstate.copy(src, dst)
                     else:
@@ -4287,7 +4287,7 @@
     entry[1].extend(mqopt)
 
     def dotable(cmdtable):
-        for cmd, entry in pycompat.iteritems(cmdtable):
+        for cmd, entry in cmdtable.items():
             cmd = cmdutil.parsealiases(cmd)[0]
             func = entry[0]
             if func.norepo:
diff --git a/hgext/phabricator.py b/hgext/phabricator.py
--- a/hgext/phabricator.py
+++ b/hgext/phabricator.py
@@ -2279,7 +2279,7 @@
         drevmap = getdrevmap(repo, logcmdutil.revrange(repo, [revs]))
         specs = []
         unknown = []
-        for r, d in pycompat.iteritems(drevmap):
+        for r, d in drevmap.items():
             if d is None:
                 unknown.append(repo[r])
             else:
@@ -2364,7 +2364,7 @@
     revs = repo.revs('sort(_underway(), topo)')
     drevmap = getdrevmap(repo, revs)
     unknownrevs, drevids, revsbydrevid = [], set(), {}
-    for rev, drevid in pycompat.iteritems(drevmap):
+    for rev, drevid in drevmap.items():
         if drevid is not None:
             drevids.add(drevid)
             revsbydrevid.setdefault(drevid, set()).add(rev)
diff --git a/hgext/rebase.py b/hgext/rebase.py
--- a/hgext/rebase.py
+++ b/hgext/rebase.py
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@
         f.write(b'%d\n' % int(self.keepbranchesf))
         f.write(b'%s\n' % (self.activebookmark or b''))
         destmap = self.destmap
-        for d, v in pycompat.iteritems(self.state):
+        for d, v in self.state.items():
             oldrev = repo[d].hex()
             if v >= 0:
                 newrev = repo[v].hex()
@@ -505,7 +505,7 @@
             # commits.
             self.storestatus(tr)
 
-        cands = [k for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(self.state) if v == revtodo]
+        cands = [k for k, v in self.state.items() if v == revtodo]
         p = repo.ui.makeprogress(
             _(b"rebasing"), unit=_(b'changesets'), total=len(cands)
         )
@@ -1336,7 +1336,7 @@
             # emulate the old behavior, showing "nothing to rebase" (a better
             # behavior may be abort with "cannot find branching point" error)
             bpbase.clear()
-        for bp, bs in pycompat.iteritems(bpbase):  # calculate roots
+        for bp, bs in bpbase.items():  # calculate roots
             roots += list(repo.revs(b'children(%d) & ancestors(%ld)', bp, bs))
 
         rebaseset = repo.revs(b'%ld::', roots)
@@ -2103,7 +2103,7 @@
         fl = fm.formatlist
         fd = fm.formatdict
         changes = {}
-        for oldns, newn in pycompat.iteritems(replacements):
+        for oldns, newn in replacements.items():
             for oldn in oldns:
                 changes[hf(oldn)] = fl([hf(n) for n in newn], name=b'node')
         nodechanges = fd(changes, key=b"oldnode", value=b"newnodes")
diff --git a/hgext/releasenotes.py b/hgext/releasenotes.py
--- a/hgext/releasenotes.py
+++ b/hgext/releasenotes.py
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@
             custom_sections = getcustomadmonitions(repo)
             if custom_sections:
                 sections.update(custom_sections)
-            self._sections = list(pycompat.iteritems(sections))
+            self._sections = list(sections.items())
         else:
             self._sections = list(DEFAULT_SECTIONS)
 
diff --git a/hgext/remotefilelog/basestore.py b/hgext/remotefilelog/basestore.py
--- a/hgext/remotefilelog/basestore.py
+++ b/hgext/remotefilelog/basestore.py
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@
 
         filenamemap = self._resolvefilenames(existing.keys())
 
-        for filename, sha in pycompat.iteritems(filenamemap):
+        for filename, sha in filenamemap.items():
             yield (filename, existing[sha])
 
     def _resolvefilenames(self, hashes):
diff --git a/hgext/remotefilelog/datapack.py b/hgext/remotefilelog/datapack.py
--- a/hgext/remotefilelog/datapack.py
+++ b/hgext/remotefilelog/datapack.py
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@
 
     def createindex(self, nodelocations, indexoffset):
         entries = sorted(
-            (n, db, o, s) for n, (db, o, s) in pycompat.iteritems(self.entries)
+            (n, db, o, s) for n, (db, o, s) in self.entries.items()
         )
 
         rawindex = b''
diff --git a/hgext/remotefilelog/historypack.py b/hgext/remotefilelog/historypack.py
--- a/hgext/remotefilelog/historypack.py
+++ b/hgext/remotefilelog/historypack.py
@@ -519,7 +519,7 @@
 
         files = (
             (hashutil.sha1(filename).digest(), filename, offset, size)
-            for filename, (offset, size) in pycompat.iteritems(self.files)
+            for filename, (offset, size) in self.files.items()
         )
         files = sorted(files)
 
@@ -555,7 +555,7 @@
             )
             nodeindexoffset += constants.FILENAMESIZE + len(filename)
 
-            for node, location in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(nodelocations)):
+            for node, location in sorted(nodelocations.items()):
                 nodeindexentries.append(
                     struct.pack(nodeindexformat, node, location)
                 )
diff --git a/hgext/remotefilelog/remotefilelog.py b/hgext/remotefilelog/remotefilelog.py
--- a/hgext/remotefilelog/remotefilelog.py
+++ b/hgext/remotefilelog/remotefilelog.py
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
     ancestor,
     error,
     mdiff,
-    pycompat,
     revlog,
 )
 from mercurial.utils import storageutil
@@ -423,7 +422,7 @@
             return self.repo.nullid
 
         revmap, parentfunc = self._buildrevgraph(a, b)
-        nodemap = {v: k for (k, v) in pycompat.iteritems(revmap)}
+        nodemap = {v: k for (k, v) in revmap.items()}
 
         ancs = ancestor.ancestors(parentfunc, revmap[a], revmap[b])
         if ancs:
@@ -438,7 +437,7 @@
             return self.repo.nullid
 
         revmap, parentfunc = self._buildrevgraph(a, b)
-        nodemap = {v: k for (k, v) in pycompat.iteritems(revmap)}
+        nodemap = {v: k for (k, v) in revmap.items()}
 
         ancs = ancestor.commonancestorsheads(parentfunc, revmap[a], revmap[b])
         return map(nodemap.__getitem__, ancs)
@@ -454,7 +453,7 @@
         parentsmap = collections.defaultdict(list)
         allparents = set()
         for mapping in (amap, bmap):
-            for node, pdata in pycompat.iteritems(mapping):
+            for node, pdata in mapping.items():
                 parents = parentsmap[node]
                 p1, p2, linknode, copyfrom = pdata
                 # Don't follow renames (copyfrom).
diff --git a/hgext/remotefilelog/remotefilelogserver.py b/hgext/remotefilelog/remotefilelogserver.py
--- a/hgext/remotefilelog/remotefilelogserver.py
+++ b/hgext/remotefilelog/remotefilelogserver.py
@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@
     error,
     extensions,
     match,
-    pycompat,
     scmutil,
     store,
     streamclone,
@@ -416,7 +415,7 @@
     cachepath = repo.vfs.join(b"remotefilelogcache")
     for head in heads:
         mf = repo[head].manifest()
-        for filename, filenode in pycompat.iteritems(mf):
+        for filename, filenode in mf.items():
             filecachepath = os.path.join(cachepath, filename, hex(filenode))
             neededfiles.add(filecachepath)
 
diff --git a/hgext/remotefilelog/repack.py b/hgext/remotefilelog/repack.py
--- a/hgext/remotefilelog/repack.py
+++ b/hgext/remotefilelog/repack.py
@@ -487,12 +487,12 @@
         if type(m) is dict:
             # m is a result of diff of two manifests and is a dictionary that
             # maps filename to ((newnode, newflag), (oldnode, oldflag)) tuple
-            for filename, diff in pycompat.iteritems(m):
+            for filename, diff in m.items():
                 if diff[0][0] is not None:
                     keepkeys.add(keyfn(filename, diff[0][0]))
         else:
             # m is a manifest object
-            for filename, filenode in pycompat.iteritems(m):
+            for filename, filenode in m.items():
                 keepkeys.add(keyfn(filename, filenode))
 
     return keepkeys
@@ -602,7 +602,7 @@
         repackprogress = ui.makeprogress(
             _(b"repacking data"), unit=self.unit, total=len(byfile)
         )
-        for filename, entries in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(byfile)):
+        for filename, entries in sorted(byfile.items()):
             repackprogress.update(count)
 
             ancestors = {}
@@ -756,7 +756,7 @@
         progress = ui.makeprogress(
             _(b"repacking history"), unit=self.unit, total=len(byfile)
         )
-        for filename, entries in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(byfile)):
+        for filename, entries in sorted(byfile.items()):
             ancestors = {}
             nodes = list(node for node in entries)
 
diff --git a/hgext/remotefilelog/shallowrepo.py b/hgext/remotefilelog/shallowrepo.py
--- a/hgext/remotefilelog/shallowrepo.py
+++ b/hgext/remotefilelog/shallowrepo.py
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
     error,
     localrepo,
     match,
-    pycompat,
     scmutil,
     sparse,
     util,
@@ -268,7 +267,7 @@
             mfrevlog = mfl.getstorage(b'')
             if base is not None:
                 mfdict = mfl[repo[base].manifestnode()].read()
-                skip = set(pycompat.iteritems(mfdict))
+                skip = set(mfdict.items())
             else:
                 skip = set()
 
@@ -298,7 +297,7 @@
                 else:
                     mfdict = mfl[mfnode].read()
 
-                diff = pycompat.iteritems(mfdict)
+                diff = mfdict.items()
                 if pats:
                     diff = (pf for pf in diff if m(pf[0]))
                 if sparsematch:
diff --git a/hgext/remotefilelog/shallowutil.py b/hgext/remotefilelog/shallowutil.py
--- a/hgext/remotefilelog/shallowutil.py
+++ b/hgext/remotefilelog/shallowutil.py
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@
     """
     result = collections.defaultdict(lambda: 0)
     for dict in dicts:
-        for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(dict):
+        for k, v in dict.items():
             result[k] += v
     return result
 
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@
 def prefixkeys(dict, prefix):
     """Returns ``dict`` with ``prefix`` prepended to all its keys."""
     result = {}
-    for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(dict):
+    for k, v in dict.items():
         result[prefix + k] = v
     return result
 
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@
     integers.
     """
     metadict = _parsepackmeta(metabuf)
-    for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(metadict):
+    for k, v in metadict.items():
         if k in _metaitemtypes and int in _metaitemtypes[k]:
             metadict[k] = bin2int(v)
     return metadict
diff --git a/hgext/remotenames.py b/hgext/remotenames.py
--- a/hgext/remotenames.py
+++ b/hgext/remotenames.py
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@
         if not self.loaded:
             self._load()
 
-        for k, vtup in pycompat.iteritems(self.potentialentries):
+        for k, vtup in self.potentialentries.items():
             yield (k, [bin(vtup[0])])
 
     items = iteritems
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@
         if not self._nodetobmarks:
             bmarktonodes = self.bmarktonodes()
             self._nodetobmarks = {}
-            for name, node in pycompat.iteritems(bmarktonodes):
+            for name, node in bmarktonodes.items():
                 self._nodetobmarks.setdefault(node[0], []).append(name)
         return self._nodetobmarks
 
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@
         if not self._nodetobranch:
             branchtonodes = self.branchtonodes()
             self._nodetobranch = {}
-            for name, nodes in pycompat.iteritems(branchtonodes):
+            for name, nodes in branchtonodes.items():
                 for node in nodes:
                     self._nodetobranch.setdefault(node, []).append(name)
         return self._nodetobranch
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@
             marktonodes = self.bmarktonodes()
             self._hoisttonodes = {}
             hoist += b'/'
-            for name, node in pycompat.iteritems(marktonodes):
+            for name, node in marktonodes.items():
                 if name.startswith(hoist):
                     name = name[len(hoist) :]
                     self._hoisttonodes[name] = node
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@
             marktonodes = self.bmarktonodes()
             self._nodetohoists = {}
             hoist += b'/'
-            for name, node in pycompat.iteritems(marktonodes):
+            for name, node in marktonodes.items():
                 if name.startswith(hoist):
                     name = name[len(hoist) :]
                     self._nodetohoists.setdefault(node[0], []).append(name)
diff --git a/hgext/uncommit.py b/hgext/uncommit.py
--- a/hgext/uncommit.py
+++ b/hgext/uncommit.py
@@ -80,9 +80,7 @@
     files = initialfiles - exclude
     # Filter copies
     copied = copiesmod.pathcopies(base, ctx)
-    copied = {
-        dst: src for dst, src in pycompat.iteritems(copied) if dst in files
-    }
+    copied = {dst: src for dst, src in copied.items() if dst in files}
 
     def filectxfn(repo, memctx, path, contentctx=ctx, redirect=()):
         if path not in contentctx:
diff --git a/hgext/win32text.py b/hgext/win32text.py
--- a/hgext/win32text.py
+++ b/hgext/win32text.py
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@
 def reposetup(ui, repo):
     if not repo.local():
         return
-    for name, fn in pycompat.iteritems(_filters):
+    for name, fn in _filters.items():
         repo.adddatafilter(name, fn)
 
 
diff --git a/mercurial/archival.py b/mercurial/archival.py
--- a/mercurial/archival.py
+++ b/mercurial/archival.py
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
 
 
 def guesskind(dest):
-    for kind, extensions in pycompat.iteritems(exts):
+    for kind, extensions in exts.items():
         if any(dest.endswith(ext) for ext in extensions):
             return kind
     return None
diff --git a/mercurial/bookmarks.py b/mercurial/bookmarks.py
--- a/mercurial/bookmarks.py
+++ b/mercurial/bookmarks.py
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@
         return iter(self._refmap)
 
     def iteritems(self):
-        return pycompat.iteritems(self._refmap)
+        return self._refmap.items()
 
     def items(self):
         return self._refmap.items()
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@
         self._aclean = True
 
     def _write(self, fp):
-        for name, node in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(self._refmap)):
+        for name, node in sorted(self._refmap.items()):
             fp.write(b"%s %s\n" % (hex(node), encoding.fromlocal(name)))
         self._clean = True
         self._repo.invalidatevolatilesets()
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@
         )
     name = repo._activebookmark.split(b'@', 1)[0]
     heads = []
-    for mark, n in pycompat.iteritems(repo._bookmarks):
+    for mark, n in repo._bookmarks.items():
         if mark.split(b'@', 1)[0] == name:
             heads.append(n)
     return heads
@@ -476,7 +476,7 @@
     marks = getattr(repo, '_bookmarks', {})
 
     hasnode = repo.changelog.hasnode
-    for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(marks):
+    for k, v in marks.items():
         # don't expose local divergent bookmarks
         if hasnode(v) and not isdivergent(k):
             yield k, v
@@ -687,7 +687,7 @@
     remotemarks"""
     changed = []
     localmarks = repo._bookmarks
-    for (b, id) in pycompat.iteritems(remotemarks):
+    for (b, id) in remotemarks.items():
         if id != localmarks.get(b, None) and id in repo:
             changed.append((b, id, ui.debug, _(b"updating bookmark %s\n") % b))
     for b in localmarks:
@@ -1074,7 +1074,7 @@
     hexfn = fm.hexfunc
     if len(bmarks) == 0 and fm.isplain():
         ui.status(_(b"no bookmarks set\n"))
-    for bmark, (n, prefix, label) in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(bmarks)):
+    for bmark, (n, prefix, label) in sorted(bmarks.items()):
         fm.startitem()
         fm.context(repo=repo)
         if not ui.quiet:
diff --git a/mercurial/branchmap.py b/mercurial/branchmap.py
--- a/mercurial/branchmap.py
+++ b/mercurial/branchmap.py
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@
         return key in self._entries
 
     def iteritems(self):
-        for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(self._entries):
+        for k, v in self._entries.items():
             self._verifybranch(k)
             yield k, v
 
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@
         return heads
 
     def iterbranches(self):
-        for bn, heads in pycompat.iteritems(self):
+        for bn, heads in self.items():
             yield (bn, heads) + self._branchtip(heads)
 
     def iterheads(self):
@@ -434,7 +434,7 @@
                 cachekey.append(hex(self.filteredhash))
             f.write(b" ".join(cachekey) + b'\n')
             nodecount = 0
-            for label, nodes in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(self._entries)):
+            for label, nodes in sorted(self._entries.items()):
                 label = encoding.fromlocal(label)
                 for node in nodes:
                     nodecount += 1
@@ -490,7 +490,7 @@
         # Faster than using ctx.obsolete()
         obsrevs = obsolete.getrevs(repo, b'obsolete')
 
-        for branch, newheadrevs in pycompat.iteritems(newbranches):
+        for branch, newheadrevs in newbranches.items():
             # For every branch, compute the new branchheads.
             # A branchhead is a revision such that no descendant is on
             # the same branch.
diff --git a/mercurial/bundle2.py b/mercurial/bundle2.py
--- a/mercurial/bundle2.py
+++ b/mercurial/bundle2.py
@@ -2239,7 +2239,7 @@
         b'remote repository changed while pushing - please try again '
         b'(%s is %s expected %s)'
     )
-    for expectedphase, nodes in pycompat.iteritems(phasetonodes):
+    for expectedphase, nodes in phasetonodes.items():
         for n in nodes:
             actualphase = phasecache.phase(unfi, cl.rev(n))
             if actualphase != expectedphase:
diff --git a/mercurial/changegroup.py b/mercurial/changegroup.py
--- a/mercurial/changegroup.py
+++ b/mercurial/changegroup.py
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@
                     mfnode = cl.changelogrevision(cset).manifest
                     mfest = ml[mfnode].readdelta()
                     # store file nodes we must see
-                    for f, n in pycompat.iteritems(mfest):
+                    for f, n in mfest.items():
                         needfiles.setdefault(f, set()).add(n)
 
             on_filelog_rev = None
@@ -1193,7 +1193,7 @@
         if self._ellipses and self._isshallow:
             mfdicts = [
                 (repo.manifestlog[n].read(), lr)
-                for (n, lr) in pycompat.iteritems(manifests)
+                for (n, lr) in manifests.items()
             ]
 
         manifests.clear()
@@ -1966,7 +1966,7 @@
                 del needfiles[f]
     progress.complete()
 
-    for f, needs in pycompat.iteritems(needfiles):
+    for f, needs in needfiles.items():
         fl = repo.file(f)
         for n in needs:
             try:
diff --git a/mercurial/chgserver.py b/mercurial/chgserver.py
--- a/mercurial/chgserver.py
+++ b/mercurial/chgserver.py
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@
         ignored = set()
     envitems = [
         (k, v)
-        for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(encoding.environ)
+        for k, v in encoding.environ.items()
         if _envre.match(k) and k not in ignored
     ]
     envhash = _hashlist(sorted(envitems))
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@
 
     def __call__(self, cmd, environ, cwd=None, type=b'system', cmdtable=None):
         args = [type, cmd, util.abspath(cwd or b'.')]
-        args.extend(b'%s=%s' % (k, v) for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(environ))
+        args.extend(b'%s=%s' % (k, v) for k, v in environ.items())
         data = b'\0'.join(args)
         self.out.write(struct.pack(b'>cI', self.channel, len(data)))
         self.out.write(data)
diff --git a/mercurial/cmdutil.py b/mercurial/cmdutil.py
--- a/mercurial/cmdutil.py
+++ b/mercurial/cmdutil.py
@@ -626,7 +626,7 @@
             # 5. finally restore backed-up files
             try:
                 dirstate = repo.dirstate
-                for realname, tmpname in pycompat.iteritems(backups):
+                for realname, tmpname in backups.items():
                     ui.debug(b'restoring %r to %r\n' % (tmpname, realname))
 
                     if dirstate.get_entry(realname).maybe_clean:
diff --git a/mercurial/commands.py b/mercurial/commands.py
--- a/mercurial/commands.py
+++ b/mercurial/commands.py
@@ -2469,7 +2469,7 @@
 )
 def debugcommands(ui, cmd=b'', *args):
     """list all available commands and options"""
-    for cmd, vals in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(table)):
+    for cmd, vals in sorted(table.items()):
         cmd = cmd.split(b'|')[0]
         opts = b', '.join([i[1] for i in vals[1]])
         ui.write(b'%s: %s\n' % (cmd, opts))
@@ -7089,7 +7089,7 @@
 
     c = repo.dirstate.copies()
     copied, renamed = [], []
-    for d, s in pycompat.iteritems(c):
+    for d, s in c.items():
         if s in status.removed:
             status.removed.remove(s)
             renamed.append(d)
diff --git a/mercurial/context.py b/mercurial/context.py
--- a/mercurial/context.py
+++ b/mercurial/context.py
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@
         deleted, unknown, ignored = s.deleted, s.unknown, s.ignored
         deletedset = set(deleted)
         d = mf1.diff(mf2, match=match, clean=listclean)
-        for fn, value in pycompat.iteritems(d):
+        for fn, value in d.items():
             if fn in deletedset:
                 continue
             if value is None:
diff --git a/mercurial/copies.py b/mercurial/copies.py
--- a/mercurial/copies.py
+++ b/mercurial/copies.py
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@
     match as matchmod,
     pathutil,
     policy,
-    pycompat,
     util,
 )
 
@@ -68,7 +67,7 @@
 def _chain(prefix, suffix):
     """chain two sets of copies 'prefix' and 'suffix'"""
     result = prefix.copy()
-    for key, value in pycompat.iteritems(suffix):
+    for key, value in suffix.items():
         result[key] = prefix.get(value, value)
     return result
 
@@ -408,7 +407,7 @@
 
                     if childcopies:
                         newcopies = copies.copy()
-                        for dest, source in pycompat.iteritems(childcopies):
+                        for dest, source in childcopies.items():
                             prev = copies.get(source)
                             if prev is not None and prev[1] is not None:
                                 source = prev[1]
@@ -623,7 +622,7 @@
             newcopies = copies
             if childcopies:
                 newcopies = copies.copy()
-                for dest, source in pycompat.iteritems(childcopies):
+                for dest, source in childcopies.items():
                     prev = copies.get(source)
                     if prev is not None and prev[1] is not None:
                         source = prev[1]
@@ -721,7 +720,7 @@
     # can still exist (e.g. hg cp a b; hg mv a c). In those cases we
     # arbitrarily pick one of the renames.
     r = {}
-    for k, v in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(copies)):
+    for k, v in sorted(copies.items()):
         if match and not match(v):
             continue
         # remove copies
@@ -1080,7 +1079,7 @@
 
     # examine each file copy for a potential directory move, which is
     # when all the files in a directory are moved to a new directory
-    for dst, src in pycompat.iteritems(fullcopy):
+    for dst, src in fullcopy.items():
         dsrc, ddst = pathutil.dirname(src), pathutil.dirname(dst)
         if dsrc in invalid:
             # already seen to be uninteresting
@@ -1103,7 +1102,7 @@
     if not dirmove:
         return {}, {}
 
-    dirmove = {k + b"/": v + b"/" for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(dirmove)}
+    dirmove = {k + b"/": v + b"/" for k, v in dirmove.items()}
 
     for d in dirmove:
         repo.ui.debug(
@@ -1186,7 +1185,7 @@
 
     copies2 = {}
     cp = _forwardcopies(base, c2)
-    for dst, src in pycompat.iteritems(cp):
+    for dst, src in cp.items():
         if src in m1:
             copies2[dst] = src
 
@@ -1304,5 +1303,5 @@
     for dest, __ in list(new_copies.items()):
         if dest in parent:
             del new_copies[dest]
-    for dst, src in pycompat.iteritems(new_copies):
+    for dst, src in new_copies.items():
         wctx[dst].markcopied(src)
diff --git a/mercurial/debugcommands.py b/mercurial/debugcommands.py
--- a/mercurial/debugcommands.py
+++ b/mercurial/debugcommands.py
@@ -492,7 +492,7 @@
         b2caps = bundle2.bundle2caps(peer)
         if b2caps:
             ui.writenoi18n(b'Bundle2 capabilities:\n')
-            for key, values in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(b2caps)):
+            for key, values in sorted(b2caps.items()):
                 ui.write(b'  %s\n' % key)
                 for v in values:
                     ui.write(b'    %s\n' % v)
@@ -2388,7 +2388,7 @@
         if f in ms:
             # If file is in mergestate, we have already processed it's extras
             continue
-        for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(d):
+        for k, v in d.items():
             fm_extras.startitem()
             fm_extras.data(file=f)
             fm_extras.data(key=k)
@@ -2405,7 +2405,7 @@
     names = set()
     # since we previously only listed open branches, we will handle that
     # specially (after this for loop)
-    for name, ns in pycompat.iteritems(repo.names):
+    for name, ns in repo.names.items():
         if name != b'branches':
             names.update(ns.listnames(repo))
     names.update(
@@ -2699,7 +2699,7 @@
         fullpaths = opts['full']
         files, dirs = set(), set()
         adddir, addfile = dirs.add, files.add
-        for f, st in pycompat.iteritems(dirstate):
+        for f, st in dirstate.items():
             if f.startswith(spec) and st.state in acceptable:
                 if fixpaths:
                     f = f.replace(b'/', pycompat.ossep)
@@ -4270,7 +4270,7 @@
         for opt in cmdutil.remoteopts:
             del opts[opt[1]]
         args = {}
-        for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(opts):
+        for k, v in opts.items():
             if v:
                 args[k] = v
         args = pycompat.strkwargs(args)
diff --git a/mercurial/dirstate.py b/mercurial/dirstate.py
--- a/mercurial/dirstate.py
+++ b/mercurial/dirstate.py
@@ -342,7 +342,7 @@
         return iter(sorted(self._map))
 
     def items(self):
-        return pycompat.iteritems(self._map)
+        return self._map.items()
 
     iteritems = items
 
@@ -770,9 +770,7 @@
     def _writedirstate(self, tr, st):
         # notify callbacks about parents change
         if self._origpl is not None and self._origpl != self._pl:
-            for c, callback in sorted(
-                pycompat.iteritems(self._plchangecallbacks)
-            ):
+            for c, callback in sorted(self._plchangecallbacks.items()):
                 callback(self, self._origpl, self._pl)
             self._origpl = None
         self._map.write(tr, st)
@@ -935,7 +933,7 @@
         if match.isexact() and self._checkcase:
             normed = {}
 
-            for f, st in pycompat.iteritems(results):
+            for f, st in results.items():
                 if st is None:
                     continue
 
@@ -948,7 +946,7 @@
 
                 paths.add(f)
 
-            for norm, paths in pycompat.iteritems(normed):
+            for norm, paths in normed.items():
                 if len(paths) > 1:
                     for path in paths:
                         folded = self._discoverpath(
diff --git a/mercurial/dirstatemap.py b/mercurial/dirstatemap.py
--- a/mercurial/dirstatemap.py
+++ b/mercurial/dirstatemap.py
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
     error,
     pathutil,
     policy,
-    pycompat,
     txnutil,
     util,
 )
@@ -354,7 +353,7 @@
         util.clearcachedproperty(self, b"dirfoldmap")
 
     def items(self):
-        return pycompat.iteritems(self._map)
+        return self._map.items()
 
     # forward for python2,3 compat
     iteritems = items
@@ -378,7 +377,7 @@
         self._dirtyparents = True
         copies = {}
         if fold_p2:
-            for f, s in pycompat.iteritems(self._map):
+            for f, s in self._map.items():
                 # Discard "merged" markers when moving away from a merge state
                 if s.p2_info:
                     source = self.copymap.pop(f, None)
@@ -501,7 +500,7 @@
 
         f = {}
         normcase = util.normcase
-        for name, s in pycompat.iteritems(self._map):
+        for name, s in self._map.items():
             if not s.removed:
                 f[normcase(name)] = name
         f[b'.'] = b'.'  # prevents useless util.fspath() invocation
diff --git a/mercurial/discovery.py b/mercurial/discovery.py
--- a/mercurial/discovery.py
+++ b/mercurial/discovery.py
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
     error,
     obsolete,
     phases,
-    pycompat,
     scmutil,
     setdiscovery,
     treediscovery,
@@ -237,7 +236,7 @@
 
     knownnode = cl.hasnode  # do not use nodemap until it is filtered
     # A. register remote heads of branches which are in outgoing set
-    for branch, heads in pycompat.iteritems(remotemap):
+    for branch, heads in remotemap.items():
         # don't add head info about branches which we don't have locally
         if branch not in branches:
             continue
@@ -261,14 +260,14 @@
         repo,
         (
             (branch, heads[1])
-            for branch, heads in pycompat.iteritems(headssum)
+            for branch, heads in headssum.items()
             if heads[0] is not None
         ),
     )
     newmap.update(repo, (ctx.rev() for ctx in missingctx))
-    for branch, newheads in pycompat.iteritems(newmap):
+    for branch, newheads in newmap.items():
         headssum[branch][1][:] = newheads
-    for branch, items in pycompat.iteritems(headssum):
+    for branch, items in headssum.items():
         for l in items:
             if l is not None:
                 l.sort()
@@ -280,7 +279,7 @@
         futureheads = {torev(h) for h in outgoing.ancestorsof}
         futureheads |= {torev(h) for h in outgoing.commonheads}
         allfuturecommon = repo.changelog.ancestors(futureheads, inclusive=True)
-        for branch, heads in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(headssum)):
+        for branch, heads in sorted(headssum.items()):
             remoteheads, newheads, unsyncedheads, placeholder = heads
             result = _postprocessobsolete(pushop, allfuturecommon, newheads)
             headssum[branch] = (
@@ -379,9 +378,7 @@
         headssum = _oldheadssummary(repo, remoteheads, outgoing, inc)
     pushop.pushbranchmap = headssum
     newbranches = [
-        branch
-        for branch, heads in pycompat.iteritems(headssum)
-        if heads[0] is None
+        branch for branch, heads in headssum.items() if heads[0] is None
     ]
     # 1. Check for new branches on the remote.
     if newbranches and not newbranch:  # new branch requires --new-branch
@@ -409,7 +406,7 @@
     # If there are more heads after the push than before, a suitable
     # error message, depending on unsynced status, is displayed.
     errormsg = None
-    for branch, heads in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(headssum)):
+    for branch, heads in sorted(headssum.items()):
         remoteheads, newheads, unsyncedheads, discardedheads = heads
         # add unsynced data
         if remoteheads is None:
diff --git a/mercurial/dispatch.py b/mercurial/dispatch.py
--- a/mercurial/dispatch.py
+++ b/mercurial/dispatch.py
@@ -572,7 +572,7 @@
 
         try:
             aliases, entry = cmdutil.findcmd(self.name, cmdtable)
-            for alias, e in pycompat.iteritems(cmdtable):
+            for alias, e in cmdtable.items():
                 if e is entry:
                     self.cmd = alias
                     break
diff --git a/mercurial/exchange.py b/mercurial/exchange.py
--- a/mercurial/exchange.py
+++ b/mercurial/exchange.py
@@ -805,7 +805,7 @@
             bundler.newpart(b'check:heads', data=iter(pushop.remoteheads))
         else:
             affected = set()
-            for branch, heads in pycompat.iteritems(pushop.pushbranchmap):
+            for branch, heads in pushop.pushbranchmap.items():
                 remoteheads, newheads, unsyncedheads, discardedheads = heads
                 if remoteheads is not None:
                     remote = set(remoteheads)
@@ -1116,7 +1116,7 @@
 
         part = bundler.newpart(b'pushvars')
 
-        for key, value in pycompat.iteritems(shellvars):
+        for key, value in shellvars.items():
             part.addparam(key, value, mandatory=False)
 
 
diff --git a/mercurial/extensions.py b/mercurial/extensions.py
--- a/mercurial/extensions.py
+++ b/mercurial/extensions.py
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@
     try:
         mod = _extensions[name]
     except KeyError:
-        for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(_extensions):
+        for k, v in _extensions.items():
             if k.endswith(b'.' + name) or k.endswith(b'/' + name):
                 mod = v
                 break
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@
 
 def _validatecmdtable(ui, cmdtable):
     """Check if extension commands have required attributes"""
-    for c, e in pycompat.iteritems(cmdtable):
+    for c, e in cmdtable.items():
         f = e[0]
         missing = [a for a in _cmdfuncattrs if not util.safehasattr(f, a)]
         if not missing:
@@ -578,7 +578,7 @@
     '''
     assert callable(wrapper)
     aliases, entry = cmdutil.findcmd(command, table)
-    for alias, e in pycompat.iteritems(table):
+    for alias, e in table.items():
         if e is entry:
             key = alias
             break
@@ -755,7 +755,7 @@
         if name in exts or name in _order or name == b'__init__':
             continue
         exts[name] = path
-    for name, path in pycompat.iteritems(_disabledextensions):
+    for name, path in _disabledextensions.items():
         # If no path was provided for a disabled extension (e.g. "color=!"),
         # don't replace the path we already found by the scan above.
         if path:
@@ -817,7 +817,7 @@
 
         return {
             name: gettext(desc)
-            for name, desc in pycompat.iteritems(__index__.docs)
+            for name, desc in __index__.docs.items()
             if name not in _order
         }
     except (ImportError, AttributeError):
@@ -828,7 +828,7 @@
         return {}
 
     exts = {}
-    for name, path in pycompat.iteritems(paths):
+    for name, path in paths.items():
         doc = _disabledhelp(path)
         if doc and name != b'__index__':
             exts[name] = doc.splitlines()[0]
@@ -917,7 +917,7 @@
         ext = _finddisabledcmd(ui, cmd, cmd, path, strict=strict)
     if not ext:
         # otherwise, interrogate each extension until there's a match
-        for name, path in pycompat.iteritems(paths):
+        for name, path in paths.items():
             ext = _finddisabledcmd(ui, cmd, name, path, strict=strict)
             if ext:
                 break
@@ -942,9 +942,7 @@
 
 def notloaded():
     '''return short names of extensions that failed to load'''
-    return [
-        name for name, mod in pycompat.iteritems(_extensions) if mod is None
-    ]
+    return [name for name, mod in _extensions.items() if mod is None]
 
 
 def moduleversion(module):
diff --git a/mercurial/exthelper.py b/mercurial/exthelper.py
--- a/mercurial/exthelper.py
+++ b/mercurial/exthelper.py
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
     commands,
     error,
     extensions,
-    pycompat,
     registrar,
 )
 
@@ -114,7 +113,7 @@
         self._extcommandwrappers.extend(other._extcommandwrappers)
         self._functionwrappers.extend(other._functionwrappers)
         self.cmdtable.update(other.cmdtable)
-        for section, items in pycompat.iteritems(other.configtable):
+        for section, items in other.configtable.items():
             if section in self.configtable:
                 self.configtable[section].update(items)
             else:
diff --git a/mercurial/filemerge.py b/mercurial/filemerge.py
--- a/mercurial/filemerge.py
+++ b/mercurial/filemerge.py
@@ -1199,7 +1199,7 @@
 
 def loadinternalmerge(ui, extname, registrarobj):
     """Load internal merge tool from specified registrarobj"""
-    for name, func in pycompat.iteritems(registrarobj._table):
+    for name, func in registrarobj._table.items():
         fullname = b':' + name
         internals[fullname] = func
         internals[b'internal:' + name] = func
diff --git a/mercurial/fileset.py b/mercurial/fileset.py
--- a/mercurial/fileset.py
+++ b/mercurial/fileset.py
@@ -613,7 +613,7 @@
 
 def loadpredicate(ui, extname, registrarobj):
     """Load fileset predicates from specified registrarobj"""
-    for name, func in pycompat.iteritems(registrarobj._table):
+    for name, func in registrarobj._table.items():
         symbols[name] = func
 
 
diff --git a/mercurial/formatter.py b/mercurial/formatter.py
--- a/mercurial/formatter.py
+++ b/mercurial/formatter.py
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@
 def _iteritems(data):
     '''iterate key-value pairs in stable order'''
     if isinstance(data, dict):
-        return sorted(pycompat.iteritems(data))
+        return sorted(data.items())
     return data
 
 
diff --git a/mercurial/help.py b/mercurial/help.py
--- a/mercurial/help.py
+++ b/mercurial/help.py
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@
     '''return a text listing of the given extensions'''
     rst = []
     if exts:
-        for name, desc in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(exts)):
+        for name, desc in sorted(exts.items()):
             if not showdeprecated and any(w in desc for w in _exclkeywords):
                 continue
             rst.append(b'%s:%s: %s\n' % (b' ' * indent, name, desc))
@@ -280,7 +280,7 @@
             name = names[0]
             if not filtertopic(ui, name):
                 results[b'topics'].append((names[0], header))
-    for cmd, entry in pycompat.iteritems(commands.table):
+    for cmd, entry in commands.table.items():
         if len(entry) == 3:
             summary = entry[2]
         else:
@@ -664,7 +664,7 @@
     h = {}
     # Command -> string showing synonyms
     syns = {}
-    for c, e in pycompat.iteritems(cmdtable):
+    for c, e in cmdtable.items():
         fs = cmdutil.parsealiases(c)
         f = fs[0]
         syns[f] = fs
diff --git a/mercurial/hgweb/hgweb_mod.py b/mercurial/hgweb/hgweb_mod.py
--- a/mercurial/hgweb/hgweb_mod.py
+++ b/mercurial/hgweb/hgweb_mod.py
@@ -412,7 +412,7 @@
 
             if cmd == b'archive':
                 fn = req.qsparams[b'node']
-                for type_, spec in pycompat.iteritems(webutil.archivespecs):
+                for type_, spec in webutil.archivespecs.items():
                     ext = spec[2]
                     if fn.endswith(ext):
                         req.qsparams[b'node'] = fn[: -len(ext)]
diff --git a/mercurial/hgweb/request.py b/mercurial/hgweb/request.py
--- a/mercurial/hgweb/request.py
+++ b/mercurial/hgweb/request.py
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@
         return vals[0]
 
     def asdictoflists(self):
-        return {k: list(v) for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(self._items)}
+        return {k: list(v) for k, v in self._items.items()}
 
 
 @attr.s(frozen=True)
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@
             # This is what is documented to be used for os.environ on Unix.
             return pycompat.fsencode(s)
 
-    env = {tobytes(k): tobytes(v) for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(env)}
+    env = {tobytes(k): tobytes(v) for k, v in env.items()}
 
     # Some hosting solutions are emulating hgwebdir, and dispatching directly
     # to an hgweb instance using this environment variable.  This was always
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@
     # perform case normalization for us. We just rewrite underscore to dash
     # so keys match what likely went over the wire.
     headers = []
-    for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(env):
+    for k, v in env.items():
         if k.startswith(b'HTTP_'):
             headers.append((k[len(b'HTTP_') :].replace(b'_', b'-'), v))
 
diff --git a/mercurial/hgweb/webcommands.py b/mercurial/hgweb/webcommands.py
--- a/mercurial/hgweb/webcommands.py
+++ b/mercurial/hgweb/webcommands.py
@@ -563,7 +563,7 @@
     l = len(path)
     abspath = b"/" + path
 
-    for full, n in pycompat.iteritems(mf):
+    for full, n in mf.items():
         # the virtual path (working copy path) used for the full
         # (repository) path
         f = decodepath(full)
@@ -1520,7 +1520,7 @@
 
         early, other = [], []
         primary = lambda s: s.partition(b'|')[0]
-        for c, e in pycompat.iteritems(commands.table):
+        for c, e in commands.table.items():
             doc = _getdoc(e)
             if b'DEPRECATED' in doc or c.startswith(b'debug'):
                 continue
diff --git a/mercurial/hgweb/webutil.py b/mercurial/hgweb/webutil.py
--- a/mercurial/hgweb/webutil.py
+++ b/mercurial/hgweb/webutil.py
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
     allowed = ui.configlist(b'web', b'allow-archive', untrusted=True)
     archives = []
 
-    for typ, spec in pycompat.iteritems(archivespecs):
+    for typ, spec in archivespecs.items():
         if typ in allowed or ui.configbool(
             b'web', b'allow' + typ, untrusted=True
         ):
@@ -863,7 +863,7 @@
 
     def itermaps(self, context):
         separator = self._start
-        for key, value in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(self._vars)):
+        for key, value in sorted(self._vars.items()):
             yield {
                 b'name': key,
                 b'value': pycompat.bytestr(value),
diff --git a/mercurial/hgweb/wsgicgi.py b/mercurial/hgweb/wsgicgi.py
--- a/mercurial/hgweb/wsgicgi.py
+++ b/mercurial/hgweb/wsgicgi.py
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
     procutil.setbinary(procutil.stdin)
     procutil.setbinary(procutil.stdout)
 
-    environ = dict(pycompat.iteritems(os.environ))  # re-exports
+    environ = dict(os.environ.items())  # re-exports
     environ.setdefault('PATH_INFO', '')
     if environ.get('SERVER_SOFTWARE', '').startswith('Microsoft-IIS'):
         # IIS includes script_name in PATH_INFO
diff --git a/mercurial/hook.py b/mercurial/hook.py
--- a/mercurial/hook.py
+++ b/mercurial/hook.py
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@
     else:
         env[b'HGPLAIN'] = b''
 
-    for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(args):
+    for k, v in args.items():
         # transaction changes can accumulate MBs of data, so skip it
         # for external hooks
         if k == b'changes':
diff --git a/mercurial/httpconnection.py b/mercurial/httpconnection.py
--- a/mercurial/httpconnection.py
+++ b/mercurial/httpconnection.py
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@
     bestuser = None
     bestlen = 0
     bestauth = None
-    for group, auth in pycompat.iteritems(groups):
+    for group, auth in groups.items():
         if user and user != auth.get(b'username', user):
             # If a username was set in the URI, the entry username
             # must either match it or be unset
diff --git a/mercurial/localrepo.py b/mercurial/localrepo.py
--- a/mercurial/localrepo.py
+++ b/mercurial/localrepo.py
@@ -2068,7 +2068,7 @@
         else:
             tags = self._tagscache.tags
         rev = self.changelog.rev
-        for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(tags):
+        for k, v in tags.items():
             try:
                 # ignore tags to unknown nodes
                 rev(v)
@@ -2103,13 +2103,12 @@
         # writing to the cache), but the rest of Mercurial wants them in
         # local encoding.
         tags = {}
-        for (name, (node, hist)) in pycompat.iteritems(alltags):
+        for (name, (node, hist)) in alltags.items():
             if node != self.nullid:
                 tags[encoding.tolocal(name)] = node
         tags[b'tip'] = self.changelog.tip()
         tagtypes = {
-            encoding.tolocal(name): value
-            for (name, value) in pycompat.iteritems(tagtypes)
+            encoding.tolocal(name): value for (name, value) in tagtypes.items()
         }
         return (tags, tagtypes)
 
@@ -2138,7 +2137,7 @@
         '''return the tags associated with a node'''
         if not self._tagscache.nodetagscache:
             nodetagscache = {}
-            for t, n in pycompat.iteritems(self._tagscache.tags):
+            for t, n in self._tagscache.tags.items():
                 nodetagscache.setdefault(n, []).append(t)
             for tags in pycompat.itervalues(nodetagscache):
                 tags.sort()
@@ -2256,7 +2255,7 @@
                 mf = matchmod.match(self.root, b'', [pat])
                 fn = None
                 params = cmd
-                for name, filterfn in pycompat.iteritems(self._datafilters):
+                for name, filterfn in self._datafilters.items():
                     if cmd.startswith(name):
                         fn = filterfn
                         params = cmd[len(name) :].lstrip()
diff --git a/mercurial/logcmdutil.py b/mercurial/logcmdutil.py
--- a/mercurial/logcmdutil.py
+++ b/mercurial/logcmdutil.py
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@
         if branch != b'default':
             self.ui.write(columns[b'branch'] % branch, label=b'log.branch')
 
-        for nsname, ns in pycompat.iteritems(self.repo.names):
+        for nsname, ns in self.repo.names.items():
             # branches has special logic already handled above, so here we just
             # skip it
             if nsname == b'branches':
@@ -991,7 +991,7 @@
         opts[b'_patslog'] = list(wopts.pats)
 
     expr = []
-    for op, val in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(opts)):
+    for op, val in sorted(opts.items()):
         if not val:
             continue
         revop, listop = _opt2logrevset[op]
diff --git a/mercurial/logexchange.py b/mercurial/logexchange.py
--- a/mercurial/logexchange.py
+++ b/mercurial/logexchange.py
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
 from .node import hex
 
 from . import (
-    pycompat,
     util,
     vfs as vfsmod,
 )
@@ -77,7 +76,7 @@
         if oldpath != remotepath:
             f.write(b'%s\0%s\0%s\n' % (node, oldpath, rname))
 
-    for name, node in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(names)):
+    for name, node in sorted(names.items()):
         if nametype == b"branches":
             for n in node:
                 f.write(b'%s\0%s\0%s\n' % (n, remotepath, name))
@@ -159,7 +158,7 @@
     with remoterepo.commandexecutor() as e:
         branchmap = e.callcommand(b'branchmap', {}).result()
 
-    for branch, nodes in pycompat.iteritems(branchmap):
+    for branch, nodes in branchmap.items():
         bmap[branch] = []
         for node in nodes:
             if node in repo and not repo[node].obsolete():
diff --git a/mercurial/lsprof.py b/mercurial/lsprof.py
--- a/mercurial/lsprof.py
+++ b/mercurial/lsprof.py
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 import sys
 
 from .pycompat import getattr
-from . import pycompat
 
 Profiler = _lsprof.Profiler
 
@@ -124,7 +123,7 @@
     try:
         mname = _fn2mod[code.co_filename]
     except KeyError:
-        for k, v in list(pycompat.iteritems(sys.modules)):
+        for k, v in list(sys.modules.items()):
             if v is None:
                 continue
             if not isinstance(getattr(v, '__file__', None), str):
diff --git a/mercurial/manifest.py b/mercurial/manifest.py
--- a/mercurial/manifest.py
+++ b/mercurial/manifest.py
@@ -867,11 +867,11 @@
           differs, load it in both
         """
         toloadlazy = []
-        for d, v1 in pycompat.iteritems(t1._lazydirs):
+        for d, v1 in t1._lazydirs.items():
             v2 = t2._lazydirs.get(d)
             if not v2 or v2[0] != v1[0]:
                 toloadlazy.append(d)
-        for d, v1 in pycompat.iteritems(t2._lazydirs):
+        for d, v1 in t2._lazydirs.items():
             if d not in t1._lazydirs:
                 toloadlazy.append(d)
 
@@ -953,7 +953,7 @@
             if p in self._files:
                 yield self._subpath(p), n
             else:
-                for f, sn in pycompat.iteritems(n):
+                for f, sn in n.items():
                     yield f, sn
 
     iteritems = items
@@ -1104,11 +1104,10 @@
             def _copyfunc(s):
                 self._load()
                 s._lazydirs = {
-                    d: (n, r, True)
-                    for d, (n, r, c) in pycompat.iteritems(self._lazydirs)
+                    d: (n, r, True) for d, (n, r, c) in self._lazydirs.items()
                 }
                 sdirs = s._dirs
-                for d, v in pycompat.iteritems(self._dirs):
+                for d, v in self._dirs.items():
                     sdirs[d] = v.copy()
                 s._files = dict.copy(self._files)
                 s._flags = dict.copy(self._flags)
@@ -1136,7 +1135,7 @@
             t1._load()
             t2._load()
             self._loaddifflazy(t1, t2)
-            for d, m1 in pycompat.iteritems(t1._dirs):
+            for d, m1 in t1._dirs.items():
                 if d in t2._dirs:
                     m2 = t2._dirs[d]
                     _filesnotin(m1, m2)
@@ -1249,7 +1248,7 @@
                 ret._flags[fn] = self._flags[fn]
 
         visit = self._loadchildrensetlazy(visit)
-        for dir, subm in pycompat.iteritems(self._dirs):
+        for dir, subm in self._dirs.items():
             if visit and dir[:-1] not in visit:
                 continue
             m = subm._matches_inner(match)
@@ -1294,15 +1293,15 @@
             t2._load()
             self._loaddifflazy(t1, t2)
 
-            for d, m1 in pycompat.iteritems(t1._dirs):
+            for d, m1 in t1._dirs.items():
                 m2 = t2._dirs.get(d, emptytree)
                 stack.append((m1, m2))
 
-            for d, m2 in pycompat.iteritems(t2._dirs):
+            for d, m2 in t2._dirs.items():
                 if d not in t1._dirs:
                     stack.append((emptytree, m2))
 
-            for fn, n1 in pycompat.iteritems(t1._files):
+            for fn, n1 in t1._files.items():
                 fl1 = t1._flags.get(fn, b'')
                 n2 = t2._files.get(fn, None)
                 fl2 = t2._flags.get(fn, b'')
@@ -1311,7 +1310,7 @@
                 elif clean:
                     result[t1._subpath(fn)] = None
 
-            for fn, n2 in pycompat.iteritems(t2._files):
+            for fn, n2 in t2._files.items():
                 if fn not in t1._files:
                     fl2 = t2._flags.get(fn, b'')
                     result[t2._subpath(fn)] = ((None, b''), (n2, fl2))
@@ -1361,9 +1360,7 @@
         """
         self._load()
         flags = self.flags
-        lazydirs = [
-            (d[:-1], v[0], b't') for d, v in pycompat.iteritems(self._lazydirs)
-        ]
+        lazydirs = [(d[:-1], v[0], b't') for d, v in self._lazydirs.items()]
         dirs = [(d[:-1], self._dirs[d]._node, b't') for d in self._dirs]
         files = [(f, self._files[f], flags(f)) for f in self._files]
         return _text(sorted(dirs + files + lazydirs))
@@ -1392,7 +1389,7 @@
         visit = self._loadchildrensetlazy(visit)
         if visit == b'this' or visit == b'all':
             visit = None
-        for d, subm in pycompat.iteritems(self._dirs):
+        for d, subm in self._dirs.items():
             if visit and d[:-1] not in visit:
                 continue
             subp1 = getnode(m1, d)
@@ -1415,7 +1412,7 @@
         self._load()
         # OPT: use visitchildrenset to avoid loading everything.
         self._loadalllazy()
-        for d, subm in pycompat.iteritems(self._dirs):
+        for d, subm in self._dirs.items():
             for subtree in subm.walksubtrees(matcher=matcher):
                 yield subtree
 
diff --git a/mercurial/match.py b/mercurial/match.py
--- a/mercurial/match.py
+++ b/mercurial/match.py
@@ -1638,7 +1638,7 @@
             continue
 
         linesyntax = syntax
-        for s, rels in pycompat.iteritems(syntaxes):
+        for s, rels in syntaxes.items():
             if line.startswith(rels):
                 linesyntax = rels
                 line = line[len(rels) :]
diff --git a/mercurial/merge.py b/mercurial/merge.py
--- a/mercurial/merge.py
+++ b/mercurial/merge.py
@@ -643,10 +643,10 @@
 
     def filemap(self, sort=False):
         if sorted:
-            for key, val in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(self._filemapping)):
+            for key, val in sorted(self._filemapping.items()):
                 yield key, val
         else:
-            for key, val in pycompat.iteritems(self._filemapping):
+            for key, val in self._filemapping.items():
                 yield key, val
 
     def addcommitinfo(self, filename, key, value):
@@ -671,15 +671,15 @@
         """returns a dictionary of actions to be perfomed with action as key
         and a list of files and related arguments as values"""
         res = collections.defaultdict(list)
-        for a, d in pycompat.iteritems(self._actionmapping):
-            for f, (args, msg) in pycompat.iteritems(d):
+        for a, d in self._actionmapping.items():
+            for f, (args, msg) in d.items():
                 res[a].append((f, args, msg))
         return res
 
     def setactions(self, actions):
         self._filemapping = actions
         self._actionmapping = collections.defaultdict(dict)
-        for f, (act, data, msg) in pycompat.iteritems(self._filemapping):
+        for f, (act, data, msg) in self._filemapping.items():
             self._actionmapping[act][f] = data, msg
 
     def hasconflicts(self):
@@ -786,7 +786,7 @@
         relevantfiles = set(ma.diff(m2).keys())
 
         # For copied and moved files, we need to add the source file too.
-        for copykey, copyvalue in pycompat.iteritems(branch_copies1.copy):
+        for copykey, copyvalue in branch_copies1.copy.items():
             if copyvalue in relevantfiles:
                 relevantfiles.add(copykey)
         for movedirkey in branch_copies1.movewithdir:
@@ -796,7 +796,7 @@
 
     diff = m1.diff(m2, match=matcher)
 
-    for f, ((n1, fl1), (n2, fl2)) in pycompat.iteritems(diff):
+    for f, ((n1, fl1), (n2, fl2)) in diff.items():
         if n1 and n2:  # file exists on both local and remote side
             if f not in ma:
                 # TODO: what if they're renamed from different sources?
@@ -1511,7 +1511,7 @@
     ms = wctx.mergestate(clean=True)
     ms.start(wctx.p1().node(), mctx.node(), labels)
 
-    for f, op in pycompat.iteritems(mresult.commitinfo):
+    for f, op in mresult.commitinfo.items():
         # the other side of filenode was choosen while merging, store this in
         # mergestate so that it can be reused on commit
         ms.addcommitinfo(f, op)
@@ -2072,7 +2072,7 @@
                 _checkcollision(repo, wc.manifest(), mresult)
 
         # divergent renames
-        for f, fl in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(mresult.diverge)):
+        for f, fl in sorted(mresult.diverge.items()):
             repo.ui.warn(
                 _(
                     b"note: possible conflict - %s was renamed "
@@ -2084,7 +2084,7 @@
                 repo.ui.warn(b" %s\n" % nf)
 
         # rename and delete
-        for f, fl in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(mresult.renamedelete)):
+        for f, fl in sorted(mresult.renamedelete.items()):
             repo.ui.warn(
                 _(
                     b"note: possible conflict - %s was deleted "
@@ -2124,7 +2124,7 @@
 
         if updatedirstate:
             if extraactions:
-                for k, acts in pycompat.iteritems(extraactions):
+                for k, acts in extraactions.items():
                     for a in acts:
                         mresult.addfile(a[0], k, *a[1:])
                     if k == mergestatemod.ACTION_GET and wantfiledata:
@@ -2195,10 +2195,10 @@
                         getfiledata = None
                     else:
                         now_sec = now[0]
-                        for f, m in pycompat.iteritems(getfiledata):
+                        for f, m in getfiledata.items():
                             if m is not None and m[2][0] >= now_sec:
                                 ambiguous_mtime[f] = (m[0], m[1], None)
-                        for f, m in pycompat.iteritems(ambiguous_mtime):
+                        for f, m in ambiguous_mtime.items():
                             getfiledata[f] = m
 
                 repo.setparents(fp1, fp2)
diff --git a/mercurial/mergestate.py b/mercurial/mergestate.py
--- a/mercurial/mergestate.py
+++ b/mercurial/mergestate.py
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@
     def unresolved(self):
         """Obtain the paths of unresolved files."""
 
-        for f, entry in pycompat.iteritems(self._state):
+        for f, entry in self._state.items():
             if entry[0] in (
                 MERGE_RECORD_UNRESOLVED,
                 MERGE_RECORD_UNRESOLVED_PATH,
@@ -490,7 +490,7 @@
             ACTION_ADD_MODIFIED: [],
             ACTION_GET: [],
         }
-        for f, (r, action) in pycompat.iteritems(self._results):
+        for f, (r, action) in self._results.items():
             if action is not None:
                 actions[action].append((f, None, b"merge result"))
         return actions
@@ -690,7 +690,7 @@
         # the type of state that is stored, and capital-letter records are used
         # to prevent older versions of Mercurial that do not support the feature
         # from loading them.
-        for filename, v in pycompat.iteritems(self._state):
+        for filename, v in self._state.items():
             if v[0] in (
                 MERGE_RECORD_UNRESOLVED_PATH,
                 MERGE_RECORD_RESOLVED_PATH,
@@ -714,9 +714,9 @@
             else:
                 # Normal files.  These are stored in 'F' records.
                 records.append((RECORD_MERGED, b'\0'.join([filename] + v)))
-        for filename, extras in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(self._stateextras)):
+        for filename, extras in sorted(self._stateextras.items()):
             rawextras = b'\0'.join(
-                b'%s\0%s' % (k, v) for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(extras)
+                b'%s\0%s' % (k, v) for k, v in extras.items()
             )
             records.append(
                 (RECORD_FILE_VALUES, b'%s\0%s' % (filename, rawextras))
diff --git a/mercurial/namespaces.py b/mercurial/namespaces.py
--- a/mercurial/namespaces.py
+++ b/mercurial/namespaces.py
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 from .i18n import _
 from . import (
-    pycompat,
     registrar,
     templatekw,
     util,
@@ -85,7 +84,7 @@
         return self._names.get(namespace, default)
 
     def items(self):
-        return pycompat.iteritems(self._names)
+        return self._names.items()
 
     iteritems = items
 
@@ -118,7 +117,7 @@
 
         Raises a KeyError if there is no such node.
         """
-        for ns, v in pycompat.iteritems(self._names):
+        for ns, v in self._names.items():
             n = v.singlenode(repo, name)
             if n:
                 return n
diff --git a/mercurial/obsolete.py b/mercurial/obsolete.py
--- a/mercurial/obsolete.py
+++ b/mercurial/obsolete.py
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@
                 # if content cannot be translated to nodeid drop the data.
                 parents = None
 
-        metadata = tuple(sorted(pycompat.iteritems(metadata)))
+        metadata = tuple(sorted(metadata.items()))
 
         yield (pre, sucs, flags, metadata, date, parents)
 
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@
     """Return encoded metadata string to string mapping.
 
     Assume no ':' in key and no '\0' in both key and value."""
-    for key, value in pycompat.iteritems(meta):
+    for key, value in meta.items():
         if b':' in key or b'\0' in key:
             raise ValueError(b"':' and '\0' are forbidden in metadata key'")
         if b'\0' in value:
@@ -652,7 +652,7 @@
                 'in-marker cycle with %s' % pycompat.sysstr(hex(prec))
             )
 
-        metadata = tuple(sorted(pycompat.iteritems(metadata)))
+        metadata = tuple(sorted(metadata.items()))
         for k, v in metadata:
             try:
                 # might be better to reject non-ASCII keys
diff --git a/mercurial/obsutil.py b/mercurial/obsutil.py
--- a/mercurial/obsutil.py
+++ b/mercurial/obsutil.py
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
     encoding,
     error,
     phases,
-    pycompat,
     util,
 )
 from .utils import dateutil
@@ -997,7 +996,7 @@
             base[tuple(nsuccset)] = n
     return [
         {b'divergentnodes': divset, b'commonpredecessor': b}
-        for divset, b in pycompat.iteritems(base)
+        for divset, b in base.items()
     ]
 
 
diff --git a/mercurial/patch.py b/mercurial/patch.py
--- a/mercurial/patch.py
+++ b/mercurial/patch.py
@@ -2643,11 +2643,7 @@
     if copysourcematch:
         # filter out copies where source side isn't inside the matcher
         # (copies.pathcopies() already filtered out the destination)
-        copy = {
-            dst: src
-            for dst, src in pycompat.iteritems(copy)
-            if copysourcematch(src)
-        }
+        copy = {dst: src for dst, src in copy.items() if copysourcematch(src)}
 
     modifiedset = set(modified)
     addedset = set(added)
diff --git a/mercurial/pathutil.py b/mercurial/pathutil.py
--- a/mercurial/pathutil.py
+++ b/mercurial/pathutil.py
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@
         self._dirs = {}
         addpath = self.addpath
         if isinstance(map, dict) and only_tracked:
-            for f, s in pycompat.iteritems(map):
+            for f, s in map.items():
                 if s.state != b'r':
                     addpath(f)
         elif only_tracked:
diff --git a/mercurial/phases.py b/mercurial/phases.py
--- a/mercurial/phases.py
+++ b/mercurial/phases.py
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@
     The revision lists are encoded as (phase, root) pairs.
     """
     binarydata = []
-    for phase, nodes in pycompat.iteritems(phasemapping):
+    for phase, nodes in phasemapping.items():
         for head in nodes:
             binarydata.append(_fphasesentry.pack(phase, head))
     return b''.join(binarydata)
@@ -363,9 +363,7 @@
             self.invalidate()
             self.loadphaserevs(repo)
         return any(
-            revs
-            for phase, revs in pycompat.iteritems(self.phaseroots)
-            if phase != public
+            revs for phase, revs in self.phaseroots.items() if phase != public
         )
 
     def nonpublicphaseroots(self, repo):
@@ -383,7 +381,7 @@
         return set().union(
             *[
                 revs
-                for phase, revs in pycompat.iteritems(self.phaseroots)
+                for phase, revs in self.phaseroots.items()
                 if phase != public
             ]
         )
@@ -528,7 +526,7 @@
             f.close()
 
     def _write(self, fp):
-        for phase, roots in pycompat.iteritems(self.phaseroots):
+        for phase, roots in self.phaseroots.items():
             for h in sorted(roots):
                 fp.write(b'%i %s\n' % (phase, hex(h)))
         self.dirty = False
@@ -612,7 +610,7 @@
     def retractboundary(self, repo, tr, targetphase, nodes):
         oldroots = {
             phase: revs
-            for phase, revs in pycompat.iteritems(self.phaseroots)
+            for phase, revs in self.phaseroots.items()
             if phase <= targetphase
         }
         if tr is None:
@@ -690,7 +688,7 @@
         """
         filtered = False
         has_node = repo.changelog.index.has_node  # to filter unknown nodes
-        for phase, nodes in pycompat.iteritems(self.phaseroots):
+        for phase, nodes in self.phaseroots.items():
             missing = sorted(node for node in nodes if not has_node(node))
             if missing:
                 for mnode in missing:
@@ -854,7 +852,7 @@
     # build list from dictionary
     draftroots = []
     has_node = repo.changelog.index.has_node  # to filter unknown nodes
-    for nhex, phase in pycompat.iteritems(roots):
+    for nhex, phase in roots.items():
         if nhex == b'publishing':  # ignore data related to publish option
             continue
         node = bin(nhex)
diff --git a/mercurial/pure/parsers.py b/mercurial/pure/parsers.py
--- a/mercurial/pure/parsers.py
+++ b/mercurial/pure/parsers.py
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@
 from ..thirdparty import attr
 from .. import (
     error,
-    pycompat,
     revlogutils,
     util,
 )
@@ -959,7 +958,7 @@
     cs = stringio()
     write = cs.write
     write(b"".join(pl))
-    for f, e in pycompat.iteritems(dmap):
+    for f, e in dmap.items():
         if f in copymap:
             f = b"%s\0%s" % (f, copymap[f])
         e = _pack(
diff --git a/mercurial/revlog.py b/mercurial/revlog.py
--- a/mercurial/revlog.py
+++ b/mercurial/revlog.py
@@ -1305,7 +1305,7 @@
                     # But, obviously its parents aren't.
                     for p in self.parents(n):
                         heads.pop(p, None)
-        heads = [head for head, flag in pycompat.iteritems(heads) if flag]
+        heads = [head for head, flag in heads.items() if flag]
         roots = list(roots)
         assert orderedout
         assert roots
diff --git a/mercurial/revset.py b/mercurial/revset.py
--- a/mercurial/revset.py
+++ b/mercurial/revset.py
@@ -594,7 +594,7 @@
             bms.add(repo[bmrev].rev())
         else:
             matchrevs = set()
-            for name, bmrev in pycompat.iteritems(repo._bookmarks):
+            for name, bmrev in repo._bookmarks.items():
                 if matcher(name):
                     matchrevs.add(bmrev)
             for bmrev in matchrevs:
@@ -1706,7 +1706,7 @@
             )
         namespaces.add(repo.names[pattern])
     else:
-        for name, ns in pycompat.iteritems(repo.names):
+        for name, ns in repo.names.items():
             if matcher(name):
                 namespaces.add(ns)
 
@@ -2803,7 +2803,7 @@
 
 def loadpredicate(ui, extname, registrarobj):
     """Load revset predicates from specified registrarobj"""
-    for name, func in pycompat.iteritems(registrarobj._table):
+    for name, func in registrarobj._table.items():
         symbols[name] = func
         if func._safe:
             safesymbols.add(name)
diff --git a/mercurial/revsetlang.py b/mercurial/revsetlang.py
--- a/mercurial/revsetlang.py
+++ b/mercurial/revsetlang.py
@@ -612,7 +612,7 @@
     tree = _aliasrules.expand(aliases, tree)
     # warn about problematic (but not referred) aliases
     if warn is not None:
-        for name, alias in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(aliases)):
+        for name, alias in sorted(aliases.items()):
             if alias.error and not alias.warned:
                 warn(_(b'warning: %s\n') % (alias.error))
                 alias.warned = True
diff --git a/mercurial/scmutil.py b/mercurial/scmutil.py
--- a/mercurial/scmutil.py
+++ b/mercurial/scmutil.py
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@
             del subpaths[subpath]
             missing.add(subpath)
 
-    for subpath, ctx in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(subpaths)):
+    for subpath, ctx in sorted(subpaths.items()):
         yield subpath, ctx.sub(subpath)
 
     # Yield an empty subrepo based on ctx1 for anything only in ctx2.  That way,
@@ -1336,7 +1336,7 @@
         ignored=False,
         full=False,
     )
-    for abs, st in pycompat.iteritems(walkresults):
+    for abs, st in walkresults.items():
         entry = dirstate.get_entry(abs)
         if (not entry.any_tracked) and audit_path.check(abs):
             unknown.append(abs)
@@ -1383,7 +1383,7 @@
     with repo.wlock():
         wctx.forget(deleted)
         wctx.add(unknown)
-        for new, old in pycompat.iteritems(renames):
+        for new, old in renames.items():
             wctx.copy(old, new)
 
 
@@ -1509,12 +1509,9 @@
     # Merge old parent and old working dir copies
     oldcopies = copiesmod.pathcopies(newctx, oldctx, match)
     oldcopies.update(copies)
-    copies = {
-        dst: oldcopies.get(src, src)
-        for dst, src in pycompat.iteritems(oldcopies)
-    }
+    copies = {dst: oldcopies.get(src, src) for dst, src in oldcopies.items()}
     # Adjust the dirstate copies
-    for dst, src in pycompat.iteritems(copies):
+    for dst, src in copies.items():
         if src not in newctx or dst in newctx or not ds.get_entry(dst).added:
             src = None
         ds.copy(src, dst)
diff --git a/mercurial/similar.py b/mercurial/similar.py
--- a/mercurial/similar.py
+++ b/mercurial/similar.py
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 from .i18n import _
 from . import (
     mdiff,
-    pycompat,
 )
 
 
@@ -97,7 +96,7 @@
                 copies[a] = (r, myscore)
     progress.complete()
 
-    for dest, v in pycompat.iteritems(copies):
+    for dest, v in copies.items():
         source, bscore = v
         yield source, dest, bscore
 
diff --git a/mercurial/sparse.py b/mercurial/sparse.py
--- a/mercurial/sparse.py
+++ b/mercurial/sparse.py
@@ -554,7 +554,7 @@
         )
 
     # Check for files that were only in the dirstate.
-    for file, state in pycompat.iteritems(dirstate):
+    for file, state in dirstate.items():
         if not file in files:
             old = origsparsematch(file)
             new = sparsematch(file)
diff --git a/mercurial/sshpeer.py b/mercurial/sshpeer.py
--- a/mercurial/sshpeer.py
+++ b/mercurial/sshpeer.py
@@ -472,10 +472,10 @@
             else:
                 wireargs[k] = args[k]
                 del args[k]
-        for k, v in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(wireargs)):
+        for k, v in sorted(wireargs.items()):
             self._pipeo.write(b"%s %d\n" % (k, len(v)))
             if isinstance(v, dict):
-                for dk, dv in pycompat.iteritems(v):
+                for dk, dv in v.items():
                     self._pipeo.write(b"%s %d\n" % (dk, len(dv)))
                     self._pipeo.write(dv)
             else:
diff --git a/mercurial/statprof.py b/mercurial/statprof.py
--- a/mercurial/statprof.py
+++ b/mercurial/statprof.py
@@ -573,7 +573,7 @@
 
     # compute sums for each function
     functiondata = []
-    for fname, sitestats in pycompat.iteritems(grouped):
+    for fname, sitestats in grouped.items():
         total_cum_sec = 0
         total_self_sec = 0
         total_percent = 0
@@ -652,7 +652,7 @@
                 else:
                     children[site] = 1
 
-    parents = [(parent, count) for parent, count in pycompat.iteritems(parents)]
+    parents = [(parent, count) for parent, count in parents.items()]
     parents.sort(reverse=True, key=lambda x: x[1])
     for parent, count in parents:
         fp.write(
@@ -696,7 +696,7 @@
         )
     )
 
-    children = [(child, count) for child, count in pycompat.iteritems(children)]
+    children = [(child, count) for child, count in children.items()]
     children.sort(reverse=True, key=lambda x: x[1])
     for child, count in children:
         fp.write(
@@ -827,7 +827,7 @@
     fd, path = pycompat.mkstemp()
 
     with open(path, b"w+") as file:
-        for line, count in pycompat.iteritems(lines):
+        for line, count in lines.items():
             file.write(b"%s %d\n" % (line, count))
 
     if outputfile is None:
diff --git a/mercurial/store.py b/mercurial/store.py
--- a/mercurial/store.py
+++ b/mercurial/store.py
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@
         cmap[xchr(x)] = e + xchr(x).lower()
 
     dmap = {}
-    for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(cmap):
+    for k, v in cmap.items():
         dmap[v] = k
 
     def decode(s):
diff --git a/mercurial/strip.py b/mercurial/strip.py
--- a/mercurial/strip.py
+++ b/mercurial/strip.py
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@
             # a revision we have to only delete the bookmark and not strip
             # anything. revsets cannot detect that case.
             nodetobookmarks = {}
-            for mark, node in pycompat.iteritems(repomarks):
+            for mark, node in repomarks.items():
                 nodetobookmarks.setdefault(node, []).append(mark)
             for marks in nodetobookmarks.values():
                 if bookmarks.issuperset(marks):
diff --git a/mercurial/subrepo.py b/mercurial/subrepo.py
--- a/mercurial/subrepo.py
+++ b/mercurial/subrepo.py
@@ -1770,7 +1770,7 @@
             for b in rev2branch[self._state[1]]:
                 if b.startswith(b'refs/remotes/origin/'):
                     return True
-        for b, revision in pycompat.iteritems(branch2rev):
+        for b, revision in branch2rev.items():
             if b.startswith(b'refs/remotes/origin/'):
                 if self._gitisancestor(self._state[1], revision):
                     return True
diff --git a/mercurial/subrepoutil.py b/mercurial/subrepoutil.py
--- a/mercurial/subrepoutil.py
+++ b/mercurial/subrepoutil.py
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@
         repo.ui.debug(b"  subrepo %s: %s %s\n" % (s, msg, r))
 
     promptssrc = filemerge.partextras(labels)
-    for s, l in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(s1)):
+    for s, l in sorted(s1.items()):
         a = sa.get(s, nullstate)
         ld = l  # local state with possible dirty flag for compares
         if wctx.sub(s).dirty():
diff --git a/mercurial/tags.py b/mercurial/tags.py
--- a/mercurial/tags.py
+++ b/mercurial/tags.py
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@
     encoding,
     error,
     match as matchmod,
-    pycompat,
     scmutil,
     util,
 )
@@ -354,7 +353,7 @@
     if tagtype is None:
         assert tagtypes is None
 
-    for name, nodehist in pycompat.iteritems(filetags):
+    for name, nodehist in filetags.items():
         if name not in alltags:
             alltags[name] = nodehist
             if tagtype is not None:
@@ -507,7 +506,7 @@
 
     if unknown_entries:
         fixed_nodemap = fnodescache.refresh_invalid_nodes(unknown_entries)
-        for node, fnode in pycompat.iteritems(fixed_nodemap):
+        for node, fnode in fixed_nodemap.items():
             if fnode != repo.nullid:
                 cachefnode[node] = fnode
 
@@ -549,7 +548,7 @@
     # we keep them in UTF-8 throughout this module.  If we converted
     # them local encoding on input, we would lose info writing them to
     # the cache.
-    for (name, (node, hist)) in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(cachetags)):
+    for (name, (node, hist)) in sorted(cachetags.items()):
         for n in hist:
             cachefile.write(b"%s %s\n" % (hex(n), name))
         cachefile.write(b"%s %s\n" % (hex(node), name))
diff --git a/mercurial/templatefilters.py b/mercurial/templatefilters.py
--- a/mercurial/templatefilters.py
+++ b/mercurial/templatefilters.py
@@ -346,7 +346,7 @@
         out = [
             b'"%s": %s'
             % (encoding.jsonescape(k, paranoid=paranoid), json(v, paranoid))
-            for k, v in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(obj))
+            for k, v in sorted(obj.items())
         ]
         return b'{' + b', '.join(out) + b'}'
     elif util.safehasattr(obj, b'__iter__'):
@@ -548,7 +548,7 @@
 
 def loadfilter(ui, extname, registrarobj):
     """Load template filter from specified registrarobj"""
-    for name, func in pycompat.iteritems(registrarobj._table):
+    for name, func in registrarobj._table.items():
         filters[name] = func
 
 
diff --git a/mercurial/templatefuncs.py b/mercurial/templatefuncs.py
--- a/mercurial/templatefuncs.py
+++ b/mercurial/templatefuncs.py
@@ -910,7 +910,7 @@
 
 def loadfunction(ui, extname, registrarobj):
     """Load template function from specified registrarobj"""
-    for name, func in pycompat.iteritems(registrarobj._table):
+    for name, func in registrarobj._table.items():
         funcs[name] = func
 
 
diff --git a/mercurial/templatekw.py b/mercurial/templatekw.py
--- a/mercurial/templatekw.py
+++ b/mercurial/templatekw.py
@@ -602,7 +602,7 @@
         # 'name' for iterating over namespaces, templatename for local reference
         return lambda v: {b'name': v, ns.templatename: v}
 
-    for k, ns in pycompat.iteritems(repo.names):
+    for k, ns in repo.names.items():
         names = ns.names(repo, ctx.node())
         f = _showcompatlist(context, mapping, b'name', names)
         namespaces[k] = _hybrid(f, names, makensmapfn(ns), pycompat.identity)
@@ -690,7 +690,7 @@
             d.update(sub_opts)
         path_dict = util.sortdict()
         for p in ps:
-            sub_opts = util.sortdict(sorted(pycompat.iteritems(p.suboptions)))
+            sub_opts = util.sortdict(sorted(p.suboptions.items()))
             path_dict[b'url'] = p.rawloc
             path_dict.update(sub_opts)
             d[b'urls'] = [path_dict]
@@ -1023,7 +1023,7 @@
 
 def loadkeyword(ui, extname, registrarobj):
     """Load template keyword from specified registrarobj"""
-    for name, func in pycompat.iteritems(registrarobj._table):
+    for name, func in registrarobj._table.items():
         keywords[name] = func
 
 
diff --git a/mercurial/templater.py b/mercurial/templater.py
--- a/mercurial/templater.py
+++ b/mercurial/templater.py
@@ -530,8 +530,7 @@
 
     def compiledict(xs):
         return util.sortdict(
-            (k, compileexp(x, context, curmethods))
-            for k, x in pycompat.iteritems(xs)
+            (k, compileexp(x, context, curmethods)) for k, x in xs.items()
         )
 
     def compilelist(xs):
@@ -708,7 +707,7 @@
         newres = self._resources.availablekeys(newmapping)
         mapping = {
             k: v
-            for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(origmapping)
+            for k, v in origmapping.items()
             if (
                 k in knownres  # not a symbol per self.symbol()
                 or newres.isdisjoint(self._defaultrequires(k))
diff --git a/mercurial/templateutil.py b/mercurial/templateutil.py
--- a/mercurial/templateutil.py
+++ b/mercurial/templateutil.py
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@
         if util.safehasattr(self._values, b'get'):
             values = {
                 k: v
-                for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(self._values)
+                for k, v in self._values.items()
                 if select(self._wrapvalue(k, v))
             }
         else:
@@ -342,10 +342,7 @@
         # TODO: make it non-recursive for trivial lists/dicts
         xs = self._values
         if util.safehasattr(xs, b'get'):
-            return {
-                k: unwrapvalue(context, mapping, v)
-                for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(xs)
-            }
+            return {k: unwrapvalue(context, mapping, v) for k, v in xs.items()}
         return [unwrapvalue(context, mapping, x) for x in xs]
 
 
@@ -537,7 +534,7 @@
             items.append(
                 {
                     k: unwrapvalue(context, lm, v)
-                    for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(nm)
+                    for k, v in nm.items()
                     if k not in knownres
                 }
             )
@@ -715,7 +712,7 @@
     This exists for backward compatibility with the old-style template. Use
     hybriddict() for new template keywords.
     """
-    c = [{key: k, value: v} for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(data)]
+    c = [{key: k, value: v} for k, v in data.items()]
     f = _showcompatlist(context, mapping, name, c, plural, separator)
     return hybriddict(data, key=key, value=value, fmt=fmt, gen=f)
 
diff --git a/mercurial/transaction.py b/mercurial/transaction.py
--- a/mercurial/transaction.py
+++ b/mercurial/transaction.py
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@
             skip_pre = group == GEN_GROUP_POST_FINALIZE
             skip_post = group == GEN_GROUP_PRE_FINALIZE
 
-        for id, entry in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(self._filegenerators)):
+        for id, entry in sorted(self._filegenerators.items()):
             any = True
             order, filenames, genfunc, location, post_finalize = entry
 
diff --git a/mercurial/url.py b/mercurial/url.py
--- a/mercurial/url.py
+++ b/mercurial/url.py
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@
         if x.lower().startswith('proxy-')
     }
     self.send(b'CONNECT %s HTTP/1.0\r\n' % self.realhostport)
-    for header in pycompat.iteritems(proxyheaders):
+    for header in proxyheaders.items():
         self.send(b'%s: %s\r\n' % header)
     self.send(b'\r\n')
 
diff --git a/mercurial/util.py b/mercurial/util.py
--- a/mercurial/util.py
+++ b/mercurial/util.py
@@ -1301,7 +1301,7 @@
         # __setitem__() isn't called as of PyPy 5.8.0
         def update(self, src, **f):
             if isinstance(src, dict):
-                src = pycompat.iteritems(src)
+                src = src.items()
             for k, v in src:
                 self[k] = v
             for k in f:
diff --git a/mercurial/utils/cborutil.py b/mercurial/utils/cborutil.py
--- a/mercurial/utils/cborutil.py
+++ b/mercurial/utils/cborutil.py
@@ -174,9 +174,7 @@
     """
     yield encodelength(MAJOR_TYPE_MAP, len(d))
 
-    for key, value in sorted(
-        pycompat.iteritems(d), key=lambda x: _mixedtypesortkey(x[0])
-    ):
+    for key, value in sorted(d.items(), key=lambda x: _mixedtypesortkey(x[0])):
         for chunk in streamencode(key):
             yield chunk
         for chunk in streamencode(value):
diff --git a/mercurial/utils/procutil.py b/mercurial/utils/procutil.py
--- a/mercurial/utils/procutil.py
+++ b/mercurial/utils/procutil.py
@@ -342,7 +342,7 @@
 def filter(s, cmd):
     """filter a string through a command that transforms its input to its
     output"""
-    for name, fn in pycompat.iteritems(_filtertable):
+    for name, fn in _filtertable.items():
         if cmd.startswith(name):
             return fn(s, cmd[len(name) :].lstrip())
     return pipefilter(s, cmd)
@@ -448,7 +448,7 @@
 
     env = dict(encoding.environ)
     if environ:
-        env.update((k, py2shell(v)) for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(environ))
+        env.update((k, py2shell(v)) for k, v in environ.items())
     env[b'HG'] = hgexecutable()
     return env
 
diff --git a/mercurial/utils/urlutil.py b/mercurial/utils/urlutil.py
--- a/mercurial/utils/urlutil.py
+++ b/mercurial/utils/urlutil.py
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@
     """list all the (name, paths) in the passed ui"""
     result = []
     if target_path is None:
-        for name, paths in sorted(pycompat.iteritems(ui.paths)):
+        for name, paths in sorted(ui.paths.items()):
             for p in paths:
                 result.append((name, p))
 
@@ -919,7 +919,7 @@
         # Now process the sub-options. If a sub-option is registered, its
         # attribute will always be present. The value will be None if there
         # was no valid sub-option.
-        for suboption, (attr, func) in pycompat.iteritems(_pathsuboptions):
+        for suboption, (attr, func) in _pathsuboptions.items():
             if suboption not in sub_options:
                 setattr(self, attr, None)
                 continue
@@ -945,7 +945,7 @@
         This is intended to be used for presentation purposes.
         """
         d = {}
-        for subopt, (attr, _func) in pycompat.iteritems(_pathsuboptions):
+        for subopt, (attr, _func) in _pathsuboptions.items():
             value = getattr(self, attr)
             if value is not None:
                 d[subopt] = value
diff --git a/mercurial/verify.py b/mercurial/verify.py
--- a/mercurial/verify.py
+++ b/mercurial/verify.py
@@ -405,11 +405,11 @@
                 _(b'checking'), unit=_(b'manifests'), total=len(subdirs)
             )
 
-        for subdir, linkrevs in pycompat.iteritems(subdirnodes):
+        for subdir, linkrevs in subdirnodes.items():
             subdirfilenodes = self._verifymanifest(
                 linkrevs, subdir, storefiles, subdirprogress
             )
-            for f, onefilenodes in pycompat.iteritems(subdirfilenodes):
+            for f, onefilenodes in subdirfilenodes.items():
                 filenodes.setdefault(f, {}).update(onefilenodes)
 
         if not dir and subdirnodes:
diff --git a/mercurial/wireprotoframing.py b/mercurial/wireprotoframing.py
--- a/mercurial/wireprotoframing.py
+++ b/mercurial/wireprotoframing.py
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@
 
 def humanflags(mapping, value):
     """Convert a numeric flags value to a human value, using a mapping table."""
-    namemap = {v: k for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(mapping)}
+    namemap = {v: k for k, v in mapping.items()}
     flags = []
     val = 1
     while value >= val:
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@
     @encoding.strmethod
     def __repr__(self):
         typename = b'<unknown 0x%02x>' % self.typeid
-        for name, value in pycompat.iteritems(FRAME_TYPES):
+        for name, value in FRAME_TYPES.items():
             if value == self.typeid:
                 typename = name
                 break
diff --git a/mercurial/wireprotov1peer.py b/mercurial/wireprotov1peer.py
--- a/mercurial/wireprotov1peer.py
+++ b/mercurial/wireprotov1peer.py
@@ -80,8 +80,7 @@
         assert all(escapearg(k) == k for k in argsdict)
 
         args = b','.join(
-            b'%s=%s' % (escapearg(k), escapearg(v))
-            for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(argsdict)
+            b'%s=%s' % (escapearg(k), escapearg(v)) for k, v in argsdict.items()
         )
         cmds.append(b'%s %s' % (op, args))
 
@@ -438,7 +437,7 @@
         self.requirecap(b'getbundle', _(b'look up remote changes'))
         opts = {}
         bundlecaps = kwargs.get(b'bundlecaps') or set()
-        for key, value in pycompat.iteritems(kwargs):
+        for key, value in kwargs.items():
             if value is None:
                 continue
             keytype = wireprototypes.GETBUNDLE_ARGUMENTS.get(key)
diff --git a/mercurial/wireprotov1server.py b/mercurial/wireprotov1server.py
--- a/mercurial/wireprotov1server.py
+++ b/mercurial/wireprotov1server.py
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@
 def branchmap(repo, proto):
     branchmap = repo.branchmap()
     heads = []
-    for branch, nodes in pycompat.iteritems(branchmap):
+    for branch, nodes in branchmap.items():
         branchname = urlreq.quote(encoding.fromlocal(branch))
         branchnodes = wireprototypes.encodelist(nodes)
         heads.append(b'%s %s' % (branchname, branchnodes))
@@ -432,7 +432,7 @@
     opts = options(
         b'getbundle', wireprototypes.GETBUNDLE_ARGUMENTS.keys(), others
     )
-    for k, v in pycompat.iteritems(opts):
+    for k, v in opts.items():
         keytype = wireprototypes.GETBUNDLE_ARGUMENTS[k]
         if keytype == b'nodes':
             opts[k] = wireprototypes.decodelist(v)