diff --git a/mercurial/cext/dirs.c b/mercurial/cext/dirs.c
--- a/mercurial/cext/dirs.c
+++ b/mercurial/cext/dirs.c
@@ -66,6 +66,14 @@
 	while ((pos = _finddir(cpath, pos - 1)) != -1) {
 		PyObject *val;
 
+		/* Sniff for trailing slashes, a marker of an invalid input. */
+		if (pos > 0 && cpath[pos - 1] == '/') {
+			PyErr_SetString(
+			    PyExc_ValueError,
+			    "found invalid consecutive slashes in path");
+			goto bail;
+		}
+
 		key = PyBytes_FromStringAndSize(cpath, pos);
 		if (key == NULL)
 			goto bail;
diff --git a/mercurial/util.py b/mercurial/util.py
--- a/mercurial/util.py
+++ b/mercurial/util.py
@@ -3515,6 +3515,10 @@
     def addpath(self, path):
         dirs = self._dirs
         for base in finddirs(path):
+            if base.endswith(b'/'):
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "found invalid consecutive slashes in path: %r" % base
+                )
             if base in dirs:
                 dirs[base] += 1
                 return
diff --git a/tests/test-dirs.py b/tests/test-dirs.py
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test-dirs.py
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import unittest
+
+import silenttestrunner
+
+from mercurial import util
+
+
+class dirstests(unittest.TestCase):
+    def testdirs(self):
+        for case, want in [
+            (b'a/a/a', [b'a', b'a/a', b'']),
+            (b'alpha/beta/gamma', [b'', b'alpha', b'alpha/beta']),
+        ]:
+            d = util.dirs({})
+            d.addpath(case)
+            self.assertEqual(sorted(d), sorted(want))
+
+    def testinvalid(self):
+        with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
+            d = util.dirs({})
+            d.addpath(b'a//b')
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    silenttestrunner.main(__name__)